Thursday, October 31, 2019

Bike renting service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Bike renting service - Essay Example At the same time, survey data in 2008 Olympic Scientific Congress showed that 65.68% University students lack of exercise (). Accompanied with the increasing environmental awareness and the economic crisis, biking has become more and more the preferred method of transportation. Even disregarding the savings potential, cycling also has many health benefits. As more oxygen is intake it speeds up blood circulation; this can also prevent of brain aging. Periodic aerobic exercise consumes many calories and can affect significant weight loss as well. Moreover, due to the improvements in one’s muscle, heart and lungs, cycling aids longevity. In a recent survey by the International Health Commission, postmen live longer than any other occupation. One of the major reasons is because they often deliver letters by bike. Following these reasons, it is useful to build a bike rental service in Scarborough campus. Not only can this make the traffic more convenient but it also can protect the environment and help students stay fit. The purpose of this research was first to investigate whether the respondents would be interested in a bike renting service. Secondly, to try and find out a suitable price that could be accepted by the renters and what accessories should be afforded, to target future campaigns effectively. Furthermore, it will assess the limitations of the plan and the feasibility of the project. The purpose of this report was to carry out an independent investigation on a feasible and practical service or facility that you feel could be introduced to enhance life on Scarborough Campus. Most of the data used in this research report was primary data collected through on-line questionnaires and some interviews. The reason for this is that primary data is more suitable to research on campus service planning. Data can be collected from the target market,

Monday, October 28, 2019

Introduction to China Essay Example for Free

Introduction to China Essay IntroduMing emperor Yung-lo and commander in chief of the Chinese expeditionary fleet to the South Seas in the early years of the 15th century. Born into a family named Ma, presumably of Mongol- Arab origin, In central Yunnan Province, Cheng Ho was selected to be castrated by the general In charge of recruiting eunuchs for the court In 1381, when he was about 10. Assigned to the retinue of Chu Tl, who later became emperor, Cheng accompanied him on military campaigns, culminating in the usurpation of the throne by Chu Ti in 402. Ma Ho proved himself to be an exceptional servant to Prince Zhu Di. He became skilled in the arts of war and diplomacy and served as an officer of the prince. Zhu Di renamed Ma Ho as Cheng Ho because the eunuchs horse was killed in battle outside of a place called Zhenglunba. (Cheng Ho is also Zheng He in the newer Pinyin transliteration of Chinese but hes still most commonly called Cheng Ho). Cheng Ho was also known as San Bao which means three Jewels. Cheng Ho, who was said to have been seven feet tall, was given greater power when Zhu Di became emperor in 402. One year later, Zhu Di appointed Cheng Ho admiral and ordered him to oversee the construction of a Treasure Fleet to explore the seas surrounding China. Admiral Cheng Ho was the first eunuch appointed to such a high military position In China. Because of a report that the former emperor Hul-tl had fled overseas, but probably with other good reasons, such as promoting Chinese influence or trade opportunities, Yunglo sent out expealtlons overseas unaer cnengs command. In a perloa 0T 2 years, from 1405 to 1433, Cheng directed seven expeditions and visited no fewer than 7 countries, stretching from Champa in the east to the African coast in the west. In preparation for these expeditions, some 1,180 ships of various types and measurements were constructed. The size of the fleet varied from voyage to voyage. The first expedition consisted of a 27,800-man crew and 62 large vessels and 255 smaller ones carrying cargoes of silk, embroideries, and other valuable products. Cheng took personal command of each voyage, but he often entrusted his lieutenants to undertake side trips away from the main itinerary. The countries visited ranged rom the nearby states, such as Champa, Sumatra, and Java, to the faraway lands to the East, including Arabia and places on the east African coast, such as Mogadishu and Brawa. The purpose of these trips was to assure foreigners of Chinas friendliness, extend imperial gifts and greetings to the chiefs of the foreign kingdoms, and report the conditions of these distant lands to the court. But at the same time, Chengs fleet also managed to annihilate a powerful Chinese pirate, interfere in a Javanese war, and reinstate a legitimate ruler in Ceylon. Yielding loads f exotic native products, the expeditions were often followed by tribute-bearing envoys from across the sea. Nonetheless, these voyages were criticized by Chinese officials as useless and wasteful of resources. After Yunglos death in 1424, the expeditions were suspended, and Cheng was made a garrison commander of Nanking. The last voyage (1432-1433) took place under the auspices of Emperor Hs?an-te. Cheng is customarily said to have died in 1435/1436, at the age of 65, but one source holds that he died early in 1433. Chengs expeditions, undertaken almost century before those of Christopher Columbus and Vasco de Gama, not only strengthened Chinas influence over its neighbors but also marked a unique achievement in the history of maritime enterprise. A navigational chart attributable to the expeditions has been preserved and translated into English. First voyage (1405-1407) The first Treasure Fleet consisted of 62 ships; four were huge wood boats, some of the largest ever built in history. They were approximately 400 feet (122 meters) long and 160 feet (50 meters) wide. The four were the flagships of the fleet of 62 ships assembled at Nanjing along the Yangtze (Chang) River. Included in the fleet were 339-foot (103-meter) long horse ships that carried nothing but horses, water ships that carried fresh water for the crew, troop transports, supply ships, and war ships for offensive and defensive needs. The ships were filled with thousands of tons of Chinese goods to trade with others during the voyage. In the fall of 1405 the fleet was ready to embark with 27,800 men. The fleet utilized the compass, invented in China in the 1 lth century, for navigation. Graduated sticks of incense were burned to measure time. One day was equal to 10 watches of 2. 4 hours each. Chinese navigators determine latitude through monitoring the North Star (Polaris) in the Northern Hemisphere or the Southern Cross in the Southern Hemisphere. The ships of the Treasure Fleet communicated with one another through the use of flags, lanterns, bells, carrier pigeons, gongs, and banners. The destination of the first voyage of the Treasure Fleet was Calicut, known as a major trading center on the southwestern coast of India. India was initially discovered by Chinese overland explorer Hsuan- sang In tne seventn century. I ne meet stopped In Vietnam, Java, ana Malacca, ana hen headed west across the Indian Ocean to Sri Lanka and Calicut and Cochin (cities on the southwest coast of India). They remained in India to barter and trade from late 1406 to the spring of 1407 when they utilized the monsoon shift to sail toward home. On the return voyage, the Treasure Fleet was forced to battle pirates near Sumatra for several months. Eventually Cheng Hos men managed to capture the pirate leader and take him to the Chinese capital Nanjing, arriving in 1407. second voyage (1407-1409) A second voyage of the Treasure Fleet departed on a return trip to India in 1407 but Cheng Ho did not command this voyage. He remained in China to oversee the repair of a temple at the birthplace of a favorite goddess.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Principle of Separate Legal Personality

Principle of Separate Legal Personality Principle of Separate Legal Personality Separate Legal Personality Concept developed in Company Law, relating to the legal status between a Company Limited by Shares and its owners. The Principle was first accepted in Salomon v Salomon, a landmark case which is often considered to have established one of the most important principles within Company Law; A Company is a distinct legal personality from that of its owners. Because of this Separate Legal Personality is also known as the Salomon Principle. The ‘separate entity’ doctrine (that the company is an entity separate to its shareholders) established very early in Salomon’s case (Salomon v Salomon Co [1897] AC 22). Each regular individual has a lawful identity, importance it holds rights, commitments and obligations. At the point when a Company is consolidated, that is enrolled in the Companies Office and issued with a Certificate of Incorporation; it excessively has a legitimate identity. However a Company cant work all alone, obliging human intercession to direct business for its sake. The guideline of Separate Legal Personality builds that a Company has lawful rights and commitments that are unique and separate from its parts (holders/shareholders). Moreover the benefits and obligations of a Company Limited by Shares have a place solely to the Company and its parts cant be sought after as by and by obligated for the activities of the Company. This division of the Company from its parts is known as the Veil of Incorporation. Example The guideline of Separate Legal Entity can been seen in play in the late Irish case Quigley Meats. The Plaintiffs for this situation (the Quigleys) supplied the Defendants with meat produce for their restaurant. The Quigleys were of the feeling that they were managing the Defendants by and by, however instalments for produce were constantly made to the Quigleys from a Company account. The Defendants got into some money related trouble and quit paying the Quigleys for the produce. The Quigleys then chosen to seek after the Defendants through the Courts for the unpaid bills. The Court at first found for the Quigleys requesting the Defendants to pay the obligation of â‚ ¬26,000. However the respondents advanced contending that they couldnt be discovered by and by at risk as the obligation was for their Company to pay. The High Court concurred with the Defendants because when they did pay the Quigleys they had paid with checks which had the Companys name printed on them, in this manne r they should have realized that they were managing a restricted obligation organization and not people. (Quigley Meats Ltd v. Hurley [2011] IEHC 192) Piercing the Corporate of Veil The lodestar of organization law has remained the honesty of the different identity of the organization: the corporate cloak might be lifted in the most compelling of circumstances. The result is an absence of clarity in the exact lawful privileges of the shareholders and their connection with the governing body. When to lift The case law has showed that the courts are by and large hesitant to lift the corporate shroud. Yet, the points of confinement of a periodic choice of a court to lift the corporate shroud is not closed. It is, hence, hard to foresee the circumstances in which the courts will puncture the corporate shroud, and there is by all accounts an inclination to rehash the wheel each one time it is contended. Courts have approached veil–piercing cases in an ad hoc manner with underlying policy considerations in mind. As Rogers AJA confirmed in BriggsvJamesHardieCoPtyLtd: The threshold problem arises from the fact that there is no common, unifying principle, which underlies the occasional decision of courts to pierce the corporate veil. Although an ad hoc explanation may be offered by a court which so decides, there is no principled approach to be derived from the authorities (Briggs v James Hardie Co Pty Ltd Ors (1989) 16 NSWLR 549 at 567) When deciding to disregard the separate legal personality principle Jenkinson-J, in DennisWilcoxPtyLtdvFederalCommissionerofTaxation, stated that a court should do so, â€Å"†¦only if [they] can see that there is, in fact or in law, a partnership between companies in a group, or that there is a mere sham or faà §ade in which that company is playing a role, or that the creation or use of the company was designed to enable legal or fiduciary obligations to be evaded or a fraud to be perpetrated† (Dennis Wilcox Pty Limited v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1988) 79 ALR 267) Fraud The corporate veil may be lifted where there has been an extortion or other break of the law. The extortion and sham contention alludes to the utilization of a partnership by the controller to avoid a lawful or guardian commitment, where the company is utilized as an issue to cover genuine commitments. As the Full Federal Court noted in Donnelly-v-Edelsten â€Å"the contention [of fraud] is, obviously roundabout. It can just succeed if the contention of sham succeeds. On the off chance that an organization is a sham or veneer then it has fused only to mask the truth of its operations or dodge commitments. (Donnelly v Edelsten (1994) 13 ACSR 196 at 256) To penetrate the corporate shroud for misrepresentation, the organization must have the plan to utilize the corporate structure as a part of such a route as to deny the offended party some for every current lawful right. All the more particularly, the organization is consequently used in a way to evade a lawful commitment. To be clear, it is for the most part reasonable to structure organizations to dodge a future risk, for instance in a hazardous business wander that may come up short, however courts may not permit an organization to be structured to abstain from performing a current legitimate obligation. In any case, such contentions can be scrutinized for dismissing the different element guideline. Concerning a sham enterprise, Windeyer J has held if an organization is appropriately joined and enlisted under the Corporations Act and the best possible records are kept in due structure and the recommended returns made, it keeps on existing as an issue substance. In that sense it is a reality and not a sham. (Peate v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1964) 111 CLR 443 at 480) Group Enterprise Any uniqueness from the standard of independent corporate identity is prone to be joined by a recession of constrained corporate obligation. This is, maybe, most clear in a corporate gathering structure. The gathering endeavour ground incorporates circumstances in which a corporate gathering is acting in such a way as to make every individual substance vague and, consequently, the corporate cloak is lifted to treat the guardian organization as subject for the demonstrations of the auxiliary. Figures that show that two or more organizations were occupied with a gathering venture include ;( Ramsay, I. â€Å"Piercing the Corporate Veil in Australia† (2001) 19 CSLJ 250 at 257) †¢There is an element of partnership or group accounting present; †¢Obvious influence of control extending from the top of the corporate structure; †¢The extent to which the companies were thought to be participating in a common enterprise with mutual advantages; †¢The relationship between the two companies is that of parent and subsidiary; †¢overlapping directors, officers, and employees, †¢One company in the structure acts as agent for the controlling entity; and †¢There is an element of sham or facade present, that is, the corporate structure is used to evade legal or fiduciary obligations. As Rogers AJA affirmed in Briggs-v-James-Hardin--Co-Pt-Limited--Ors †¦ the recommendations†¦ that the corporate shroud may be penetrated where one organization activities complete command and control over an alternate is altogether excessively short-sighted. Rogers AJA went ahead to perceive that it is a business reality that a guardian organization as a rule does activity complete control over a backup, subsequently, uncovering the inborn blemish of a strict application of the different substance standard to corporate gathering. (BriggsvJamesHardieCoPtyLimitedOrs (1989) 16 NSWLR 549) Commits a Tort In spite of the fact that the courts have been more slanted to penetrate the corporate cover in contract claims, there are signs that courts are readied to lift the corporate cloak and make a guardian organization subject in connection to torts submitted by a gathering organization which includes: (a)Cases of agency, partnership or trust between the subsidiary and parent company: Briggs v James Hardie Co Pty Ltd (1989) 16 NSWLR 549; Spreag v Paeson Pty Ltd (1990) 94 ALR 674 (b)attribution of direct liability by reason of the parent company and subsidiary both owing a duty of care to the tort claimant according to the limiting tests of reasonable foreseeability and proximity, chiefly demonstrable by a level of actual control over day-to-day operations of the subsidiary (CSR Ltd V Wren (1998) Aust Tort Rep 81-461) akin to the subsidiary being a mere faà §ade (James Hardie Co Ltd v Hall (1998) 43 NSWLR 554 at 579-584) Effects of Corporate Separate Personality Transferable Shares The way that an organization is lawfully separate from its parts encourages the exchange of shares. The issue of shares is viewed as an issue method for raising capital for the organization (albeit littler brokers are regularly pulled in by the idea of fuse just as an issue to ensure themselves from potential boundless obligation). The trading of shares on the open market additionally prompts straightforwardness since it goes about as an impetus for administration to lead the business in a sensible way. This straightforwardness empowers more prominent investigation by pariahs of the organizations undertakings and diminishes the opportunity for deceitful conduct, along these lines enhancing the attractiveness of the shares. It additionally implies that financial specialists have the capacity get the imperative data they require keeping in mind the end goal to assess the organization before entering into business exchanges. From the organizations perspective, on the other hand, this st raightforwardness can regularly prompt divulgence of data that they would have liked to withhold and place them in a more helpless position with contenders. Ownership of Property Where an organization holds property in its name, this has a place singularly the organization and the shareholders have no restrictive rights (other than for the estimation of the shares they hold). This gives shareholders and workers more security than if a chief decided to leave his position and had the capacity authorize a deal and division of any organization property or resources he possessed. This position thusly makes the shareholders ventures more appealing and secure. Notwithstanding, this may be to the impediment of a merchant who possessed the organization property before joining yet neglected to accordingly dole out the protection approaches to the organization. This was delineated in Macaura v Northern Assurance Co wherein Mr Macaura had protected timber under his name and this was then decimated by a blaze. The insurance agency declined to pay out on Mr Macauras case, expressing that he had no insurable enthusiasm toward the timber as it was claimed by the organization . In the same way, a guardian organization does not have an insurable enthusiasm toward its auxiliary organizations, even where they are completely possessed by it. Distinct legal identity A standout amongst the most noteworthy impacts of corporate separate identity is that the organization expect a different character from that of its parts. Regardless of the fact that an organization is possessed by and large by one shareholder, the organization has a totally separate identity from that single person. This is affirmed by the main instance of Salomon v A. Salomon Co Ltd in which the House of Lords held that the organizations demonstrations were its demonstrations, not those of Mr Salomon by and by. As an issue, Mr Salomon was not generally subject for his organizations obligations. It is important, then again, that the Court did perceive that there would be circumstances in which they would be arranged to move far from that standard and lift the cover of fuse and discover people subject where they had acted insincerely, deceitfully or irrationally. Limited Liability Because of the way that the organization is a different lawful individual, it takes after that its parts wont for the most part be subject for its obligations and commitments. This gives the shareholders an extraordinary level of security, since it implies that they find themselves able to benefit from the accomplishments of the organization whilst being protected in the information that their individual risk is constrained to the estimation of the shares they have obtained. On the other hand it ought to be noted that those parts who take part in the administration of the organization wont essentially be secured from individual obligation. Also, the idea of restricted risk may not be alluring to potential loan bosses who may require extra security for their credit. Ability to sue and liability of be sued The primary advantage to brokers of joining is the idea of restricted obligation; on the other hand, this can demonstrate to the impairment of outsider lenders who enter into exchanges with the organization. Whilst the leasers will have the capacity to sue the organization itself, they will most likely be unable to recoup their cash if the organization is wiped out. It ought to be noted additionally that an organization has the capacity sue its debt holders for non-instalment. So it is a lawful person that can both sue and be sued. Problem with the Salomon Principle The focal issue with the Salomon rule is a moral one. It is the backwards of the second advantage, talked about instantly above, when seen from the viewpoint of individuals managing the organization from the outside. In the event that Aron Salomons property is secured, then individuals managing the organization have just got the organizations own particular resources accessible to them if the organization goes into indebtedness. This implies that an ambitious person in the position of Aron Salomon may give less mind and regard for the need to arrange genuinely and reasonably with outsiders on the grounds that the business visionary confronts no extraordinary individual danger of misfortune, past injured pride and the trust of a beneficial business (aside from what is said beneath in regards to fake exchanging). Thus, different shareholders in an organization bear no individual danger of misfortune if the organization falls flat in light of the fact that the constrained risk which is allowed by our organization law by definition confines their individual liabilities. When we include the greater part of this together, we land at a position whereby the whole economy is inhabited by organizations whose shareholders and administration bear a minimal immediate moral obligation or misfortune if those organizations ought to fall flat. The morals of that economy get to be faulty if nobody confronts the danger of open finished, individual misfortune. Conclusion The impacts of corporate separate identity are expansive. An organization is viewed as an issue element in its own particular right and, in that capacity, its parts have constrained obligation for its obligations and commitments. The organization has the capacity own property in its own particular name and issue shares to raise capital. It has the capacity sue debt holders and likewise be sued by its leaders. At long last, a central normal for corporate separate identity is that of interminable progression, which brings about a continuation of the organizations presence paying little respect to its parts.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Why We Need Universal Healthcare Essay -- Health Care, Medicare

Why We Need Universal Healthcare Many would argue that here, in the United States, we have the best healthcare in the world. We benefit from the most up to date medical technologies, medications, and services. People come from every corner of the world to take advantage of our top notch physicians and facilities. But is this reputation warranted, and if so, at what cost? The average annual cost per US resident is $7,681; this comprises 16.2% of our gross domestic product. These costs rank us among the highest of industrialized nations (Lundy, 2010). Does this high expenditure equate to better outcomes? According to the National Scorecard on US Health System Performance (2008), the US received a 65 out of 100 possible points. Compared with 19 other industrialized nations, the US came in last place in preventable mortality. Preventable mortality means just that, deaths which could have been prevented if â€Å"timely and effective care† could have been provided (The Commonwealth Fund on a High Performanc e Health System, 2008). In 2000, the World Health Organization performed their first ever comparison of the health systems of the world. They reviewed 191 different countries and ranked them on numerous parameters, the United States ranked 37th for overall health system performance (WHO, 2000). Is it that our healthcare system is truly that poor, or is it that our care is only excellent for those patients who can actually afford it? A universal healthcare system would not only provide healthcare for all, it could also decrease our healthcare spending and potentially produce better health outcomes. High quality and less expensive healthcare can be achieved with a universal healthcare model. In fact, the United States is the... ...healthcare. At this point, the law encourages the free market system by requiring employers to purchase private insurance for their employees or face penalties. It also imposes new regulations on private insurers mandating that they provide insurance for all people, regardless of health status and preexisting conditions (KaiserEDU.org, 2010). The effects of the new act will not be seen for many years, the majority of the sections are not required to be in action until 2014. In the meantime, detractors of the law are working tirelessly to have it overturned. We have the benefit of closely examining how other countries of the world provide healthcare for all of their citizens. We can compare what works with what does not. Maybe it’s time we stop trying to fix our already broken system and focus on real change, universal healthcare as a right, not a privilege.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Internet uses in University courses Essay

The research by Wang (2007) discusses the issue of internet use specifically by lecturers in a university setting. The researchers examined three research questions in their study. The first was to determine whether or not professors in universities were effectively utilizing the internet as an instructional aid. The second was to assess the extent to which the internet is being used in such settings and the last was to analyze how students perceive the use of internet in the classroom by lecturers. The study involved a total of 624 students registered in the three major colleges of a single university in the Pacific Rim of the U. S. This was at a public university and the respondents were from both sexes, 62% of whom were females. These students also represented a cross-section of areas of study in education, business and the arts and sciences. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire designed by the researchers. For each item on the questionnaire the respondents were required to produce their response based on a 1-5 Likert scale. The statistical package SPSS Â ® was used as the data analysis tool. The researchers obtained descriptive statistics of the data using primarily the means. Based on the means produced from the students’ responses the researchers determine that the internet is not being effectively used by lecturers in university classrooms and that where such use existed it was not wide-spread. Additionally the researchers add that lecturers were far more comfortable to allow students to utilize this resource independently and made little attempt to facilitate students’ usage of the internet or incorporate such into the classroom. The implications of this finding are that university lecturers will need to get training in the different tools that the internet has to offer so that they can more effectively incorporate them into their classroom. In addition there is the suggestion that students are more capable than professors in manipulating these tools and thus lecturers need to update themselves. One strength of the study is that it involved the views of students from a cross-section of majors so that it gave a more rounded view of internet use across the university and was not limited to certain areas of study. However there is need to have a more broad-based analysis of the internet usage situation across multiple universities in different regions of the U. S. so as to determine if geographical or other factors are a hindrance to usage. Furthermore the survey depended solely on the views of students and did not take into consideration what the lecturers themselves felt. It would be useful to get their views to see if what the students report conforms to that of the lecturers. References Wang, Y. (2007, April). Internet uses in University courses. International Journal of E-Learning, 6(2), 279-292.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

River essays

River essays Review: A River Runs Through It is a deceptively simple story about a typical, early-twentieth century Montana family. It traces the lives of two brothers from boyhood to adulthood. Water, and a river in particular, are symbolic of the fact that most of the events in any life are accidental or arbitrary, especially the crucial ones. This is one of those movies that truly transports you to another time and another place. The Montana wilderness is breathtaking, and the scenes of the fly-fishing are exceptional. Robert Redford seems too have a talent of capturing dysfunctional families on film. His Oscar-winning "Ordinary People", displayed his remarkable ability to convey such material. Much of the film focuses on Norman's efforts to understand Paul as he attempts to derail the latter's self-destructive tendencies. I particularly remember when Norman is trying to convince Paul to come with him and Jesse to Chicago, and Paul's response: "Oh, I'll never leave Montana, brother." It was pr ophetic for many reasons and has much meaning. The one peaceful place in their lives is the river, where fly fishing takes on larger meaning as it provides sanctuary. One has to listen to the dialogue closely at times...the following is another example of the exceptional writing in this movie: Dear Jesse, as the moon lingers a moment over the bitterroots, before its descent into the invisible, my mind is filled with song. I find I am humming softly; not to the music, but something else; some place else; a place remembered; a field of grass where no one seemed to have been; except a deer; and the memory is strengthened by the feeling of you, dancing in my awkward arms. The final scene of the old man standing there in the river is one of my favorite endings of all time...few lines are as chilling as the narrators Im haunted by waters. Review by Aaron Caldwell ...

Monday, October 21, 2019

Review, analysis and comparison of jumanji the book in 1981 and the film in 1995.

Review, analysis and comparison of jumanji the book in 1981 and the film in 1995. Jumanji, a classic story which started out as a children's book has also been converted into the movie media form. Jumanji, a children's picture book which was written and illustrated by Chris Van Ellsberg in 1981, Jumanji was the Caldecott Medal Winner of 1982, with some of the most detailed pictures I personally have ever seen done by a free hand illustrator. The book Jumanji is about two children, Peter and Judy, whose parents go out to the opera one night. Peter and Judy decide that they are bored and go for a walk outside in the park across the street. Peter finds a board game lying by a tree named Jumanji. The children bring Jumanji home to play to play with it. After setting Jumanji up on the card table in the living room, Judy reads the directions, 'Jumanji, a young people's jungle adventure especially designed for the bored and restless.A.) Player selects piece and places it in the deepest jungle. B.) Player rolls dice and moves piece along path through the dangers of the ju ngle. C.) First player to reach Jumanji and yell the city's name aloud is the winner. D.) VERY IMPORTANT: ONCE THE GAME IS STARTED IT WILL NOT BE OVER UNTIL ONE PLAYER REACHES THE GOLDEN CITY.' When Judy finishes reading the directions aloud, the children start playing Jumanji. Peter wanted to roll the dice first, he rolled a seven. Suddenly Judy saw a lion sitting on the piano and the lion started to walk toward the children. Peter jumped up from the chair, ran up stairs into a bedroom, crawled under a bed, the lion got his head caught under the bed, and Peter locked the lion in there. Peter wanted to give up at this point, but Judy said that they must...

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Free Essays on Globalisation

"GLOBALISATION" has become one of the most talked subject and concepts in recent times. It has become the most popular subject of many articles, speeches and seminars. Before talking about the advantages and disadvantages of the globalisation we should firstly be sure of the description of it. For years, many sociologists defined it in different ways. The sociologist Anthony Giddens, for example, defines globalisation as a decoupling of space and time, emphasizing that with instantaneous communications, knowledge and culture can be shared around the world simultaneously .( globalisationguide.org/01.html, accessed 01/09/03) David Held and Anthony McGrew write in their entry for Oxford Companion to Politics that globalisation can be conceived as a process (or set of processes) which embodies a transformation in the spatial organization of social relations and transactions, expressed in transcontinental or interregional flows and networks of activity, interaction and power. (globalisationguide.org/01.html, accessed 01/09/03) With regard to advantages and disadvantages of globalisation, people are divided into two groups which first group is in favour of it as they think that if a country opens to world trade its economy gets more powerful than it was. China’s opening to world trade, for instance, has brought it growth in income from $1460 a head in 1980 to $4120 by 1999. Also, poor countries that have lowered their tariff barriers have gained increases in employment because more trade means more jobs and national income as labour and capital shifts from import-competing industries to expanding, newly competitive export industries. In addition to providing jobs, companies moving to developing countries often export higher wages and working conditions compared with those in domestic companies operating in the country. In contrast , second group claims that least-developed countries are becoming more depende... Free Essays on Globalisation Free Essays on Globalisation "GLOBALISATION" has become one of the most talked subject and concepts in recent times. It has become the most popular subject of many articles, speeches and seminars. Before talking about the advantages and disadvantages of the globalisation we should firstly be sure of the description of it. For years, many sociologists defined it in different ways. The sociologist Anthony Giddens, for example, defines globalisation as a decoupling of space and time, emphasizing that with instantaneous communications, knowledge and culture can be shared around the world simultaneously .( globalisationguide.org/01.html, accessed 01/09/03) David Held and Anthony McGrew write in their entry for Oxford Companion to Politics that globalisation can be conceived as a process (or set of processes) which embodies a transformation in the spatial organization of social relations and transactions, expressed in transcontinental or interregional flows and networks of activity, interaction and power. (globalisationguide.org/01.html, accessed 01/09/03) With regard to advantages and disadvantages of globalisation, people are divided into two groups which first group is in favour of it as they think that if a country opens to world trade its economy gets more powerful than it was. China’s opening to world trade, for instance, has brought it growth in income from $1460 a head in 1980 to $4120 by 1999. Also, poor countries that have lowered their tariff barriers have gained increases in employment because more trade means more jobs and national income as labour and capital shifts from import-competing industries to expanding, newly competitive export industries. In addition to providing jobs, companies moving to developing countries often export higher wages and working conditions compared with those in domestic companies operating in the country. In contrast , second group claims that least-developed countries are becoming more depende...

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Taking Education Reform Global. (country Bolivia) Essay

Taking Education Reform Global. (country Bolivia) - Essay Example As a part of the educational reforms, there is a enormous scope for establishing educational institutions in those nations where existing literacy rate is not good and there is huge potential to enhance the literacy rate. Keeping these points in view, an effort is being made to prepare an policy proposal to study and analyze the prospects of establishing new educational institutions (John Miller Group of Educational Institutions)in Bolivia where lot of potential exists to enhance the literacy rate. The thesis statement of the study is â€Å"What are the ways in which the government of Bolivia would associate with the management of new educational institute and how do the new educational institute work with the local communities to make the education mission successful?†. General picture of Bolivia Bolivia is a South American nation which has a population of about 10 million. It has a multi ethnic composition including Amerindians, Mestizos, Europeans, Asians and Africans and t he main language is Spanish (Read, 2002). It has also responded well to the phenomenon of globalization and started opening of its economy with the outside world (Heyck, 2002). Initially, the education in Bolivia suffered due to political instability and the legislation of 1956 laid the foundation for systematic initiatives for public education system. The basic structure of education in Bolivia comprises of primary education for five years followed by intermediate education for three years and secondary education for four years (Luykx, 1999). Higher education is mainly dealt by University of Bolivia and some other private educational institutions. Educational scenario in Bolivia In several spheres, the other nations or organizations or individuals can initiate any firm or business in Bolivia under the norms and rules of Bolivian government. The educational institutes of other nations would have to apply for the permission to establish new educational institution in Bolivia. After g etting the clearance, the educational department of Bolivia would be communicated regarding the place of establishing new educational institute. The difference between the rural and urban literacy rate in Bolivia is quite higher. The rural literacy rate is very poor due to the fact that the children in rural areas are forced to contribute economically for their family income. Hence, it was reported that the average period of schooling was found to be 4.2 years in rural areas where as in urban areas it was noticed to be 9.4 years. Hence, there exists a potential to enhance literacy rate in rural areas and new educational institutes may be concentrated more in rural areas. Moreover, Bolivia spends about 23 % of its national annual budget towards the educational expenditures. The initiatives of Bolivia towards the opening of its economy with the outside world in the era of globalization inspite of some challenges would certainly help in promotion of educational reforms (Shultz and Drap er, 2009). Basic features of the proposal Bolivian government would provide necessary permission and support for establishment of new educational institutes (John Miller Group of Educational Institution) in different ways if it is convinced that the aspirations of the local people would be taken care. The government of Bolivia wo

Friday, October 18, 2019

Managing Communication Knowledge and Information Essay

Managing Communication Knowledge and Information - Essay Example The department focuses on integrating operations and supply chain strategy with a firm’s operations capabilities. This involves decisions that relate to the design of the processes and infrastructure needed to support these processes. Process design includes selecting the appropriate technology, sizing the process over time, determining the role of inventory in the process, and locating the process (Schultz, 2011, pg, 49). The infrastructure decisions involve the logic associated with the planning and control systems, quality assurance and control approaches, work payment structure, and organisation of system quality assurance and control approaches, work payment structure and organisation of operations and supply chain functions. This department’s operations capabilities can be viewed as portfolio best suited to adapt to the changing product and or service needs of a firm’s customers. Starbucks’ location strategy-its clustering of 20 or more stores in each urban hubwas viewed as enhancing the experience both in creating a local â€Å"Starbucks buzz’’ and in facilitating loyalty by Starbucks’ customers. Starbucks’ analysis of sales by individual store found little evidence that closely located Starbucks stores cannibalized one another’s sales. Recognizing that convenience of location was critical to driving sales; Starbucks began adding drive-through windows to some of its stores and locating stores specifically to capitalize on drive-through customers (Miles & Friedman, 2006, pg. 100). For this reason, the manager requires information to do with the corporate social responsibility (Phillip & Freeman, 2010, pg. 33). This implies that the manager requires understanding what the community around as well as the consumer perceives of the products from the company. In addition, the management in this department requires information on employee perception on the decisions being undertaken in the company. This will ensure that operations are efficient and therefore, the supply chain is up to date. As such, the manager is supposed to

The Transition from Applicant to New Employee Essay

The Transition from Applicant to New Employee - Essay Example This study highlights both the employee and employer struggle in the initial period of the recruitment process to make the transition as smooth as possible and shorten the learning curve. Organizations start this process as soon as they get an application against a vacancy. The interview process and the orientation for the new employee become the foundations of a lasting relationship. Successful organizations foster a learning environment in which employees get to build their skills and eventually become more productive with time. The employee entering the organization relies on the existing culture and workforce for guidance and deliverance. Employees adopt the values of the culture prevailing in the organization and will easily adapt to the new environment if they feel comfortable to it. Employees will also be more receptive of information if they feel attached to the work they are put to do. As the discussion stresses millions of students graduate every year form colleges and universities around the globe. Many of them could be in search of their first real job. The past twenty years of their life they have been cradled with support from friends, family, counsellors, instructors and the corporations that hold yearly seminars. After graduating from college, they may find themselves completely alone, standing in front of a tall building, thinking of which door is the entrance and which door is the exit. Confidence matters a lot as they go in for an entry test or start the interview process.

Globalization Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Globalization - Assignment Example cal entities in cargo carrying executed by automobile, sea, railway, river and ferry transportation; establishing obligations, rights and responsibilities of every participant in transportation. The parties to the contract also guaranteed to endorse synchronized tariff policy. These were implemented for the success of the GUAM Agreement. Collaboration in the field of transport in between Georgia and Ukraine has become increasingly better and it can be regarded as another success (Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia, â€Å"Relations between Georgia and Ukraine†). The main challenge has been that of the territory settlement between the member countries. The demilitarization of the conflict region and establishment of safety in these regions with the assistance of the multinational peacemaking services set out within UN or OSCE support for ensuring return of inhabitants and peaceful coexistence of communities have been the other challenge. Several measures are being taken to settle the conflicts in the territory of GUAM states to enhance the peace process so that trade activities can be carried out without any disturbances. This was done for proper integration among GUAM countries to maintain trade relationships (Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Republic of Azerbaijan, â€Å"The Organization for Democracy and Economic Development – Guam†). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Republic of Azerbaijan. â€Å"The Organization for Democracy and Economic Development – Guam†. 2008. About GUAM. October 4, 2010.

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Weighing the Value, Benefits & True Cost of Outsourcing Information Research Paper

Weighing the Value, Benefits & True Cost of Outsourcing Information Technology - Research Paper Example Information Technology outsourcing is a great way to achieve the organizational objectives in an efficient and cost effective manner. However if practiced properly the benefits of IT outsourcing goes beyond than just mere outsourcing. Outsourcing offer significant business impact that leads to a stable, secure and most importantly a robust business unit that operates like a well oiled machine. The main fundamental of business process outsourcing is to outsource the mundane task to the specialists so that the organization can focus upon the core activities. As a matter of fact that is the very basic root cause of any form of IT outsourcing. However it must also be mentioned that there is another angle to the whole outsourcing saga. As the business landscape gets more and more competitive and the global economy gets unpredictable, a significant effort can be seen on the part of the companies to reduce size of the business units and budgets. Now getting into the shoes of an entrepreneur it is pretty safe to say that it is more likely that the entrepreneur would look to reduce the size of a business department that doesn’t include in the checklist of the core business activities. Such factors are the catalysts behind the rise of outsourcing business. The study has been conducted in lieu of determining the productivity benefits of IT outsourcing and to go beyond the cost effectiveness aspect of IT outsourcing (Delen, 2009. p. 25). A business of any organization irrespective of the size is quite likely to be familiar with recurrent challenges. The chances get even higher in the modern volatile economy. Some of the most familiar challenges include limited budget, shortage of quality manpower, assigning manpower keeping their core competency in mind. To make things harder there is constant need of technology enablement in almost every business department. Whatever be the situation it is pretty needless to say

Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Development - Essay Example Therefore, private sector has become important in sparking development. However, the task is so overwhelming that it cannot be taken up by a single sector. Therefore, NGOs and charity groups have become very significant in ensuring that development is achieved. Different countries are willing to initiate development in various parts of the world. However, the private sector cannot be entrusted with monitoring how the funds are being utilized. As a result, non-governmental organizations have been given this mandate because they have specialized in ensuring that the development funds reach the right people. However, private sector cannot be left behind in development matters (De & Yehoue 2013). It has been instrumental in identifying areas that need more attention in order to achieve any form of development. In addition, it has been in the forefront in ensuring grants given to the government to start development projects are utilized effectively for the benefits of all people. Private sector partnership with charity groups and NGOs would enhance efficiency. All these parties have a single agenda of initiating development in the society. Therefore, once they bring their ideas and resources together, they would be able to achieve prosperity (Hodge, Greve, & Boardman 2010). This is through closing the gaps that existed which were being used by the elite group and politicians to embezzle funds that were meant for development. Content knowledge in topics such as climate change, financial access and last mile delivery provides non-governmental organizations with an advantage in assessing the needs of the community, policy implications, and customized solutions for specialized contexts (Desai & Potter 2002). Moreover, decades of experience by the non-governmental organizations which have been working with communities is significant in integrating cultural awareness, trusted relationship, and

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Globalization Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Globalization - Assignment Example cal entities in cargo carrying executed by automobile, sea, railway, river and ferry transportation; establishing obligations, rights and responsibilities of every participant in transportation. The parties to the contract also guaranteed to endorse synchronized tariff policy. These were implemented for the success of the GUAM Agreement. Collaboration in the field of transport in between Georgia and Ukraine has become increasingly better and it can be regarded as another success (Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia, â€Å"Relations between Georgia and Ukraine†). The main challenge has been that of the territory settlement between the member countries. The demilitarization of the conflict region and establishment of safety in these regions with the assistance of the multinational peacemaking services set out within UN or OSCE support for ensuring return of inhabitants and peaceful coexistence of communities have been the other challenge. Several measures are being taken to settle the conflicts in the territory of GUAM states to enhance the peace process so that trade activities can be carried out without any disturbances. This was done for proper integration among GUAM countries to maintain trade relationships (Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Republic of Azerbaijan, â€Å"The Organization for Democracy and Economic Development – Guam†). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Republic of Azerbaijan. â€Å"The Organization for Democracy and Economic Development – Guam†. 2008. About GUAM. October 4, 2010.

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Development - Essay Example Therefore, private sector has become important in sparking development. However, the task is so overwhelming that it cannot be taken up by a single sector. Therefore, NGOs and charity groups have become very significant in ensuring that development is achieved. Different countries are willing to initiate development in various parts of the world. However, the private sector cannot be entrusted with monitoring how the funds are being utilized. As a result, non-governmental organizations have been given this mandate because they have specialized in ensuring that the development funds reach the right people. However, private sector cannot be left behind in development matters (De & Yehoue 2013). It has been instrumental in identifying areas that need more attention in order to achieve any form of development. In addition, it has been in the forefront in ensuring grants given to the government to start development projects are utilized effectively for the benefits of all people. Private sector partnership with charity groups and NGOs would enhance efficiency. All these parties have a single agenda of initiating development in the society. Therefore, once they bring their ideas and resources together, they would be able to achieve prosperity (Hodge, Greve, & Boardman 2010). This is through closing the gaps that existed which were being used by the elite group and politicians to embezzle funds that were meant for development. Content knowledge in topics such as climate change, financial access and last mile delivery provides non-governmental organizations with an advantage in assessing the needs of the community, policy implications, and customized solutions for specialized contexts (Desai & Potter 2002). Moreover, decades of experience by the non-governmental organizations which have been working with communities is significant in integrating cultural awareness, trusted relationship, and

Education-Benchmark Assessment Essay Example for Free

Education-Benchmark Assessment Essay Several theories explain the concept of Early Childhood Education (ECE). Deiner (2013) describes that all of them share the same opinion that an early childhood educator is extremely essential in the development of a childs intellectual and educational abilities. It is also commonly agreeable among the theories that the early childhood education can have a great impact in the life of an individual since education is progressive, and each stage leads to a higher one. However, there are some contradictions in the theories, which regard to some aspects of ECE. For instance, some studies feel that the intellectual development depends on the genes of the child as acquired from the parents. Other studies hold a different opinion, that the environment plays a great role in ECE. Some assert that both the environment and the biological play a great role in early childhood development. This study is based on the fact that the educator is part of the environment in which the child is subjected to, and all children can learn. The educator has several roles that make them have a great impact on a child. An early childhood educator has the responsibility to ensure that a child gains as much knowledge as possible depending on the level of the child, where the level is to a large extent determined by the age of the child. A child spends most of the waking time with the educator. There are differences presented by the various personalities of children. As a result, each child should be treated differently from the other by the educator. As a result, the educator needs to have sufficient knowledge on how to  understand each child, so that each child gains maximally. The educator defines the environment in which a child lives in school. It is agreeable that children have some common interests. For instance, most studies point out that using objects in educating children in grade three or lower can have on enhancing their knowledge by having them relate to things they frequently use. This means that the environment needs to have various objects and pictorial presentations for more effective learning. There are other considerations that the educator needs to be aware of, such as ensuring that the relationship among students themselves and between the educator and children is supportive to the education to be acquired. An early childhood educator deals with children who might not be much exposed, and they are open to what they are learn. It is clear from this essential role of educators that they should be having some personal characteristics. Grotewell Burton (2008) explains that one of them is that the educator should be role model to the children. In addition, the educator should maintain a healthy lifestyle since children are much vulnerable to communicable illnesses. The use of clear communication is also relevant, not only to convey information to the children, but also because it can affect the childrens communication skills as well. Moreover, the educator needs to work closely with the children, their parents and the fellow educators so that they can learn more about each child. This means that sometimes they are involved in settling conflicts between the children and families. The role as the professional in the teaching and learning of children is achieved through several ways. One of them is by the educators developing and implementing programs that are designed to meet the childrens physical, intellectual, social, emotional, developmental and cultural needs and interests. The programs are basically considerate on a play environment. The programs also consider the age of the children. The educator can improvise some of the equipment that can be needed by the children. Secondly, the role can be attained by building the childrens interpersonal and social skills. Positive self-concept can also be achieved by having the educator  establishing positive guidelines that let the children to feel comfortable, safe and secure. Third, as aforementioned, constant communication with the other stakeholders in ECE, mostly the parents, should be considered. Forth, activities that actively involve the children ensure that the children gain maximally. Such activities could include outdoor play, various play experiences, snacks and meals as well as field trips (Deiner, 2013). The child educator also plays a role as an advocate on behalf of children. The educator is expected to understand children in general. Sometimes, children can be presented by challenges that they cannot easily express verbally to the relevant authorities. This means that they can suffer silently over issues such as domestic violence, bullying and lack of basic commodities. The educator has sufficient knowledge to realize a child who is having some pressing issues. Some children can gain the confidence and trust to open up to the educator, virtues that the educator should possess. The educator could as a result gain information that could not be realized by the parents and other people close to the children. Bhavya (2007) feels that children might not be sure on how to approach these issues. Some may be living in fear of exposing how they feel. However, the educator is in a better position to assist. For instance, the educator can ensure that the bullies in the educational institution are warned against it in the best way possible. The educator can be aware on how they can assist when cases of violence where a child is a direct or indirect victim are presented, such as involving lawful measures as well as talking with the parents and guardians of the children. Children whose parents cannot sufficiently offer basic needs can have their needs sought from other sources. Therefore, the educator represents the children in cases where the child might be unable to express themselves. Educators should work with the mentality that all children can learn. Learning involves various aspects of gaining knowledge, and not exclusive to study of books. It involves interpersonal and communication skills. Children are also expected to learn values that are generally acceptable in the society. Each child consequently needs to learn. In addition, each child has  the capability to learn. Although there can be variances in the capabilities, children are able to continually gain knowledge on the aspects noted. The educator should understand how much each child can contain. Moreover, it is relevant to know exactly what a child needs in order to learn. For instance, some children could require frequent reminders and assignments so that they can understand some concepts (Grotewell Burton, 2008). As the different aspects of learning are concerned, there needs to be various assessments to test the success of each. Apart from the writing and reading skills, tests such as etiquette, posture and arts can be conducted regularly. Although the tests might not be recordable, an educator who clearly understands each of the students can clearly tell whether there is progress in the development of a child. The assessment practices should ensure that the children gain from the basics to the complex contents so that all children can learn (Bhavya, 2007). Technology currently plays a role in the education to young children. Educators are increasingly using technology due to the several benefits it has in enhancing gaining of knowledge among them. There are equipments that have been developed with an aim to create fun as children learn. For instance, counting machines are attractive to the children, and they can enjoy using it. The technologically developed equipments are also safe and easy to use. This means that the children can learn some things on their own after being guided by the educator. Some technology can be used in displaying information that could not be better displayed in any other means. Photos that are presented in screens can be relevant in showing children objects that can help them to learn. Technology also reduces costs in teaching children. For instance, a trip to view some objects in far places can be avoided by having the objects displayed. Therefore, technology is significant in teaching children (Morgan, 2011). The environment is crucial in the teaching and learning among children  between birth and grade three. It affects the emotional, intellectual, psychological and physical aspects of a child. The environment concerns several things, but most importantly the people who interact with the children. The environment should support learning, and it could contain learning inhibiting factors, or can contain motivating ones. If the environment does not support learning, the child cannot concentrate. Children are much likely to put more focus on issues that constantly happen to them. For instance, if they are being physically or emotionally abused, they cannot gain much in the learning process (Morgan, 2011). Children are much motivated by some aspects in the environment. One of them is the availability of ample playing space. Since the children gain a lot when playing, space and equipment provided by the environment can enhance their learning greatly. The environment can also be motivating by just being safe for the children. Therefore, the environment is crucial in the learning of children. References Bhavya, M. S. (2007). _Early childhood education_. Delhi [India: Kalpaz Publications. Deiner, P. L. (2013). _Inclusive early childhood education: Development, resources, practice_. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Grotewell, P. G., Burton, Y. R. (2008). _Early childhood education: Issues and developments_. New York: Nova Science Publishers. Morgan, H. (2011). _Early childhood education: History, theory, and practice_. Lanham, Md: Rowman Littlefield.

Monday, October 14, 2019

The Elements Of Hacktivist Computer Science Essay

The Elements Of Hacktivist Computer Science Essay Hacktivism a portmanteau of hack and activism is the nonviolent use of illegal or legally ambiguous digital tools in pursuit of political ends. These tools include web site defacements, redirects, denial-of-service attacks, information theft, web site parodies, virtual sit-ins, virtual sabotage, and software development.[1] It is often understood as the writing of code to promote political ideology promoting expressive politics, free speech, human rights, or information ethics. Acts of hacktivism are carried out in the belief that proper use of code will be able to produce similar results to those produced by regular activism or civil disobedience. Hacktivist activities span many political ideals and issues. Freenet is a prime example of translating political thought into code. Hacktivismo is an offshoot of Cult of the Dead Cow; its beliefs include access to information as a basic human right. The loose network of programmers, artists and radical militants 1984 network liberty alliance is more concerned with issues of free speech, surveillance and privacy in an era of increased technological surveillance. Hacktivism is a controversial term, and can often be misconstrued as cyberterrorism. What separates hacktivism from cyberterrorism is a distinctly political or social cause behind the haction. Some argue it was coined to describe how electronic direct action might work toward social change by combining programming skills with critical thinking. Others use it as practically synonymous with malicious, destructive acts that undermine the security of the Internet as a technical, economic, and political platform. Essentially, the controversy reflects two divergent philosophical strands within the hacktivist movement. One strand thinks that malicious cyber-attacks are an acceptable form of direct action. The other strand thinks that all protest should be peaceful, refraining from destruction. Controversy Some people describing themselves as hacktivists have taken to defacing websites for political reasons, such as attacking and defacing government websites as well as web sites of groups who oppose their ideology. Others, such as Oxblood Ruffin (the foreign affairs minister of Hacktivismo), have argued forcefully against definitions of hacktivism that include web defacements or denial-of-service attacks.[2] Critics suggest that DoS attacks are an attack on free speech; that they have unintended consequences; that they waste resources; and that they could lead to a DoS war which nobody will win. In 2006, Blue Security attempted to automate a DoS attack against spammers; this led to a massive DoS attack against Blue Security which knocked them, their old ISP and their DNS provider off the internet, destroying their business. Depending on who is using the term, hacktivism can be a politically constructive form of anarchist civil disobedience or an undefined anti-systemical gesture; it can signal anticapitalist or political protest; it can denote anti-spam activists, security experts, or open source advocates. Critics of hacktivism fear that the lack of a clear agenda makes it a politically immature gesture, while those given to conspiracy theory hope to see in hacktivism an attempt to precipitate a crisis situation online. Elements of Hacktivist Hactions A Haction usually has the following elements. Politically motivated Place a premium on humor, and often resembles a digital form of clowning Owns a moderate Outlaw Orientation as opposed to severe The result of aggressive policy circumvention rather than a gradual attempt to change a policy Always non-violent- a haction never places another in direct danger Capacity for solo activity while most forms of political activism require the strength of masses, hacktivism is most often the result of the power of one, or small group. Is most often carried out anonymously, and can take place over transnational borders. Forms of Hacktivism In order to carry out their operations, hacktivists use a variety of software tools readily availble on the internet. In many cases the software can be downloaded from a popular website, or launched from a website with click of a button. Some of the more well known hacktivist tools are below: 1. Defacing Web Pages Between 1995-1999 Attrition.org reported 5,000 website defacements. In such a scenario, the hacktivist will significantly alter the front page of a companys or governemental agencys website. 2. Web Sit-ins In this form of hacktivism,hackers attempt to send so much traffic to the site, that the overwhelmed site becomes inaccessible to other users. 3. E-mail Bombing Hacktivists send scores of e-mails with large file attachments to their targets e-mail address Notable hacktivist events The earliest known instance of hacktivism is documented by Julian Assange as follows:[4] Hacktivism is at least as old as October 1989 when DOE, HEPNET and SPAN (NASA) connected VMS machines world wide were penetrated by the anti-nuclear WANK worm. [] WANK penetrated machines had their login screens altered to: W O R M S A G A I N S T N U C L E A R K I L L E R S _______________________________________________________________ __ ____________ _____ ________ ____ ____ __ _____/ / / / / / | | | | | / / / / / / / /__ | | | | | |/ / / / / / / / ______ | | | | | | / _ /__ /____/ /______ ____| |__ | |____| |_ _/ ___________________________________________________/ / Your System Has Been Officially WANKed / _____________________________________________/ You talk of times of peace for all, and then prepare for war. One of the earliest documented hacktivist events was the Strano Network sit-in, a strike action directed against French government computers in 1995. The term itself was coined by techno-culture writer Jason Sack in a piece about media artist Shu Lea Cheang published in InfoNation in 1995. The hacking group milw0rm hacked into the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) in 1998, replacing the centers website with an anti-nuclear message; the same message reappeared later that year in what was then an unprecedented mass hack by milw0rm of over 300 websites on the server of hosting company Easyspace.[5] In 1998, the Electronic Disturbance Theater conducted virtual sit-ins on the Web sites of the Pentagon and the Mexican government to bring the worlds attention to the plight of Indian rights in the Mexican state of Chiapas. A Mexican hacking group took over Mexicos finance department website in support of the same cause.[5] One of the more notorious examples of hacktivism was the modification of Indonesian web sites with appeals to Free East Timor in 1998 by Portuguese hackers.[6] On December 29, 1998, the Legions of the Underground (LoU) declared cyberwar on Iraq and China with the intention of disrupting and disabling internet infrastructure. On January 7, 1999, an international coalition of hackers (including Cult of the Dead Cow, 2600 s staff, Phracks staff, L0pht, and the Chaos Computer Club) issued a joint statement condemning the LoUs declaration of war.[7] The LoU responded by withdrawing its declaration. Hacktivists attempted to disrupt ECHELON (an international electronic communications surveillance network filtering any and all satellite, microwave, cellular, and fiber-optic traffic) by holding Jam Echelon Day (JED) on October 21, 1999. On the day, hacktivists attached large keyword lists to many messages, taking advantage of listservers and newsgroups to spread their keywords further. The idea was to give the Echelon computers so many hits they overloaded. It is not known whether JED was successful in actually jamming Echelon, although NSA computers were reported to have crashed inexplicably in early March, 2000. A second Jam Echelon Day (JEDII) was held in October 2000, however the idea never regained its initial popularity. JED was partly denial-of-service attack and partly agitprop. The Electronic Disturbance Theater and others staged a week of disruption during the 2004 Republican National Convention in New York City, conducting sit-ins against Republican web sites and flooding web sites and communication systems identified with conservative causes. This received mixed reviews from the hacktivist community.[citation needed] The Hackbloc collective started publishing Hack This Zine a hacktivist research journal Hacktivists managed to break into computer systems at the Bhabha Atomic Research Center in India to protest against nuclear weapons tests.[citation needed] Bronc Buster, later a member of Hacktivismo, disabled firewalls to allow Chinese Internet users uncensored access. The Crackers also defaced a Chinese website which explained what the people of China could access over the internet legally. Wired 01.01.98[citation needed] Hacktivists worked to slow, block, or reroute traffic for web servers associated with the World Trade Organization, the World Economic Forum, and the World Bank.[citation needed] Throughout 2006, Electronic Disturbance Theater joined the borderlands Hacklab for a number of virtual sit-ins, against the massacre in Atenco, in solidarity with striking french students and against the Minutemen and immigration laws.[8] On March 25, 2007, hacktivists organized the event freEtech in response to the OReilly Etech conference, and started a series of West coast hackmeetings. Electronic Disturbance Theater stages a virtual sit-in against the Michigan Legislature against cuts to Medicaid. On January 21, 2008, a message appeared on YouTube from a group calling itself Anonymous. The group declared Project Chanology, essentially a war on The Church of Scientology, and promised to systematically expel The Church from the internet. Over the following week, Scientology websites were intermittently knocked offline, and the Church of Scientology moved its website to a host that specializes in protection from Denial-of-service attacks. A computer hacker leaks the personal data of 6 million Chileans (including ID card numbers, addresses, telephone numbers and academic records) from government and military servers to the internet, to protest Chiles poor data protection.[9] Throughout early 2008, Chinese hackers have hacked the CNN website on numerous occasions in response to the protests during the 2008 Olympic Torch Relay and claims of biased reporting from western media. The majority of the DDoS attacks took place between March and August, at a time where Chinese nationalistic pride was at an all time high due to the 2008 Olympic Games.[10][11] Electronic Disturbance Theater and the Hacklab stage a virtual sit-in against the war on Iraq and biotech and nanotech war profiteers, on the 5 year anniversary of the war, in solidarity with widespread street actions. Intruders hacked the website of commentator Bill OReilly and posted personal details of more than 200 of its subscribers, in retaliation for remarks OReilly made on Fox News condemning the attack on Palins Yahoo email account [1]. In 2008 hacktivists developed a communications and monitoring system for the 2008 RNC protests called Tapatio. In early 2009, the Israeli invasion of Gaza motivated a number of website defacements, denial-of-service attacks, and domain name and account hijackings, from both sides[12]. These attacks are notable in being amongst the first ever politically-motivated domain name hijackings. During the 2009 Iranian election protests, Anonymous played a role in disseminating information to and from Iran by setting up the website Anonymous Iran[13]; they also released a video manifesto to the Iranian government. On August 1, 2009, the Melbourne International Film Festival was forced to shut down its website after DDoS attacks by Chinese vigilantes, in response to Rebiya Kadeers planned guest appearance, the screening of a film about her which is deemed anti-China by Chinese state media, and strong sentiments following the July 2009 ÃÆ'Å“rÃÆ'Â ¼mqi riots. The hackers booked out all film sessions on its website, and replaced festival information with the Chinese flag and anti-Kadeer slogans.[14][15] In November 2009, computers of the Climate Research Unit of East Anglia University were hacked, and email purporting to expose a conspiracy by scientists to suppress data that contradicted their conclusions regarding global warming was made available on a Russian FTP server.[16]

Sunday, October 13, 2019

The Most Important Thing To ME :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The very first practice together was the most intimidating experience I have ever had. A group of freshman, including myself, were waiting in the Chorus room and then it was time. We walked into the double doors and the whole West Haven High School band was standing up and clapping. I thought to myself, â€Å"Why are they clapping?† After everyone was seated, our director, Mr. Crabtree said, â€Å"This is your family for the next four years.† It wasn’t until my senior year in high school that I found out how much that really meant.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I’ve been in band for seven years now and I’ve enjoyed every minute of it. The band director now, Ms. Marcella, says, â€Å"This is YOUR band, get involved!† because there is just so many things to get involved with. I thought that band just during school was exciting, but there was so much more to that. There is Band Council, Ensembles, Pep Band, Jazz Band, Leadership Positions, local performances, and much more I had missed out on during my freshman and sophomore year.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In my junior year I joined Band Council, Clarinet Ensemble, and ran for Field Leader and Office Assistant for the Leadership Team. I did not receive the position of Field Leader, but did receive the position of Office Assistant. I was very grateful for this position because in order to try out for this position, I had to attend 5 meetings, write an essay on why I wanted these positions, and make a 3 minute marching performance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Office Assistant means that I have responsibility to ensure all music in use is fully stocked at all times, fill music orders 24 hours of submission, spend at least one day a week after school or during a free period working in the Band Library, assist Section Leaders in handing out music, work to keep the rooms clean and keep rehearsals productive, and in my opinion, the most important responsibility, is to set an example for the Band to follow. There are 200 members in the band and once someone sees someone joking around and not follow the rules, others will follow.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The most important thing to me is band.

Saturday, October 12, 2019

The Client by John Grisham     :: The Client John Grisham    

The main character of my book was Mark Sway. Mark Sway is a bad little eleven year old boy with a huge burden on his hands. Mark smokes ciggaretes, uses foul language, and picks on his little brother, Ricky. Mark grew up in a trailer, with an abusive father, a mother who is hardly around, and his little brother Ricky who annoys him plenty. Mark was a very strong character who did not take anything from anyone! The trouble Mark ran into with Jerome Clifford only made him stronger. All he cared about was protecting his little brother, and his mother. Jerome Clifford was a heavy set man, who was trying to commit suicide, because of a dangerous secret he knew. Mark and his younger brother Ricky, stumbled upon Jerome one day, as he was trying to commit suicide. Jerome revealed the dangerous secret to Mark, which made Mark a major target of the mafia. Mark was pushed around and overlooked, but as soon as people found out Mark knew this dangerous secret, they all wanted a piece of him. Mark knew he was in trouble so he did t! he only thing he knew possible, which was get a lawyer. The lawyers' name was Reggie Love, a woman. Mark despised Reggie at first, knowing that a woman was not capable of fullfilling his needs, like a man could. Then something happened where Reggie grew on him, he got more used too her, and he found himself telling her personal things, spending tons of time with her, and starting to care for her. She was like the mother figure he never had. Mark and Reggie were in the tangle of mess together. Mark realized through the whole ordeal he could not do everything by himself, he also realized how vulnerable he was by being independent. Mark and Reggie became bestest friends, right up to the point where he would have to leave into the witness protection program. I liked the way Mark was so rowdy, and uncontrollable. He was so young, yet so smart and mature. He knew how to protect himself, and he knew the importance of his family members and friends, and how important it was too protect them. No matter what the mafia did to Mark, he made sure his family was safe first, than he took care of himself. Â  I could not really find anything I did not like about Mark, I did not like at the end how he had to relocate into the witness protection program.

Friday, October 11, 2019

Bullying: Debut Albums and Big Idea

I have to write an argumentative essay about a big idea. My paper is on how parents can help to stop and prevent bullying. My big idea that I am completing is a blog that offers a lot of information along with links to resources. I have my final due in two weeks but this week we have to revise our opening and closing statements and I do not know where to strap and could really use some help. Introduction: The saying, if sticks and stones will break my bones, but words will never hurt me was ever true, it sure isn't true today† (Gaul, 2010). Bullying in and out of schools is getting out of control. Statistics have shown that one third of teens are bullied at school and 4 percent also report that they were also victims of cyber bullying (Bullying Statistics, 2009). Parents really need to take a stand against bullying to help prevent it and to stop it.We as parents need to be a part of the solution, not the problem. Conclusion: No matter what end of the bullying your child is on, you need to make sure that you are doing your part to prevent and stop this. Bullying is a serious matter, weather we like it or not. If you do not think that you can handle the situation on your own, there is no harm in asking for help. You can find help in a variety of places, even with in your own family.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Taunted to Death and Bullied Girl Kills Herself †Compare and sontrast Essay

The two articles, ‘Taunted to Death’ and ‘Bullied Girl Kills Herself’, both report the same incident, which happened on Sunday 28th September 1997. The incident involved a young girl called Kelly Yeoman who killed herself. ‘Taunted to Death’ is the report from a tabloid newspaper, ‘The Daily Star’, and ‘Bullied Girl Kills Herself’ is from a broadsheet newspaper, ‘The Guardian’. Despite both articles reporting the same story, there are numerous important differences in layout, content and style. There is an enormous difference in the presentational features of the articles. The headline of the tabloid newspaper is bold and large. Compared to the article, the headline is twice the size. It is written in a white font on a black background to draw the reader’s attention to the paper; the effect of this is that they are reversed out, whereas the Guardian headline is small in comparison to the article although it is still in bold type. The headlines reflect the styles of the newspapers; they both have bold, plain lettering to create a greater impact on the reader. The difference between the two headlines is that the Daily Star headline ‘Taunted to Death’ is placing the blame on someone and the Guardian headline ‘Bullied Girl Kills Herself’ is mutual. The Daily Star has a greater impact because tabloid newspapers are approached differently in order to sensationalise the story, here ‘Taunted to Death’ is ‘headline grabbing’. The first two paragraphs of these articles summarise the contents of the article. The Daily Star tabloid ‘Taunted to Death’ uses an ample amount of emotive words to make the reader read on, ‘hate campaign’, whereas the Guardian is straight forward, telling the reader facts. Such as, Kelly was bullied about her weight, her parents were unemployed and she had reported to the school that she was being bullied. Such facts aren’t in the Daily Star. They are designed to evoke sympathy. The Guardian article is more factual but does use some emotive language, ‘terrorised’. The word ‘terrorised’ suggests that Kelly was being intimidated through violence. You can learn from the Guardian the gender and the age of the victim, ’13 year-old girl’, how she killed herself, ‘found dead yesterday in her bedroom after taking an overdose’, a possible reason why she took this course of action, ‘bullied at school and terrorised at home’ and the probable offenders responsible for the bullying, ‘a mob of youths’. Also, the Guardian shows the bigger picture as they raise social issues. The newspapers contain photographs of both Kelly and her mother, Julie. In the Daily Star, one of the photographs of Kelly is in juxtaposition with the headline; it is in a block and is as large as the text. This has causes great effect and impact because she looks like a vulnerable victim and it shows who the article is about which induces empathy from the reader. The two photographs of Kelly, one in each newspaper, are visibly presenting her at different ages. In the Daily Star Kelly looks younger, she is also wearing her Salvation Army uniform, this is to illustrate that she was an innocent young girl who looks very vulnerable. The Daily Star used this photograph because it is more personal. Also, Julie, Kelly’s mother, looks distraught in both articles; this demonstrates the impact of her daughter’s premature death. In the Guardian there is a picture of Kelly’s mother, Julie, standing outside their home, it is much larger than the one in the Daily Star and is larger than the text. This photograph is used to illustrate their family home and show that they were just an average family. Julie looks distressed in this photograph but not as much as the one in the Daily Star. They live in a council house and people associate council houses with rough neighbourhoods. In the Guardian the photo of Kelly’s mother is less dramatic than the one in the Daily Star. This is because the Daily Star is a sensational newspaper, they would have had a range of photographs to choose from and they decided to choose these specific ones to match the style of the paper. The Guardian takes a less emotive approach because it is impersonal and wants to remain neutral. The captions are longer in the Guardian whereas in the Daily Star they are shorter and the word ‘tearful’ is used to emphasise her mother’s intense grief. The fonts are different in both articles, the Guardian is written in the same font throughout, with no sub-headings, whereas the Daily Star has one sub-heading, ‘Hounded’, which is written in bold and in a different font to make it stand out and separate the quotations. The word ‘Hounded’ implies a chase and is metaphorical in the respect that it shows that she was bullied. Only two conversations are in bold and italic in the Daily Star. These two quotes’ are in bold because they are the most dramatic this is due to the fact that the newspaper wanted to highlight these quotations because they were from Kelly’s family, so they are focusing on the family’s emotions in order to create a sensational approach to the story. The Daily Star mainly consists of quotations and conversations to be evidence for the reader to how people are feeling to gain their sympathy. The quotations in the Daily Star are heart felt. â€Å"My daughter has been hounded to death. I don’t know why they did such things†. By using the word ‘hounded’, Kelly’s father is implying that his daughter was pursued and harassed. The article is comprised of mainly quotations from family members, so the reader can see how they have had to cope with the loss of their daughter, and so they are sympathetic. The quotes are melodramatic. â€Å"I’ve had enough of this. I’m going to take an overdose†. Kelly said this to her mother. The Daily Star concentrates on the attack and the suicide and has used these quotations from family members to create a sensational account. The Guardian only has a few quotes of family members and a great deal from outside agencies. Also, they are not as sympathetic but more forthright. â€Å"This is unacceptable. They should make sure children are safe-how many more must we lose as a result [of bullying]? † This is a quotation from Pauline Hasler, director of the Anti-Bullying Campaign. This is included in the article because the Guardian is impersonal as it just wants to remain mutual. Although in the Guardian, one quotation from Kelly’s father Ivan, shows strong emotion. â€Å"She was a bubbly, charming little angel who would do anything for anybody and I have lost her†. This serves to remind the reader that she was only a little girl whose life was curtailed. The Guardian has included this quotation to show the seriousness of this issue and they have done so by using an emotive quotation. The Guardian tends to concentrate on the broader issues such as why Kelly was being bullied and what was being done by various agencies to resolve it leading up to her death. This is because the Guardian is unprejudiced and more formal. Derby City Council was due to meet the family and the police had been called out on several occasions. â€Å"We were made aware of one incident that occurred on Friday and were intending to go round and see members of the family today†. The Daily Star revolves more around the issue that she was ‘driven to kill herself’, and not what was going on in Kelly’s life before she ended it. In this case the journalist of the Daily Star focuses on the attack of the house and the suicide, which are both dramatic events. The Daily Star concentrates more on the opinions of the family, which is shown in the use of quotations. The quotations are used to have an impact on the reader. The Guardian takes a more factual approach, telling the reader the events of Kelly’s life which may help to understand why she may have killed herself and raising issues for debate concerning the circumstances of her suicide such as whether or not she really was driven to kill herself and whether that can be classed as murder. The language used in both papers differs extremely. In the Guardian the sentences are longer and the language is complicated. Some emotive words, such as, ‘terrorised and ‘taunted’ are used to gain sympathy from the reader, as it shows how she was separated out and that it was persistent. â€Å"In the latest incident eggs, flour and butter were hurled at the house and abuse shouted at Kelly as she watched from an upstairs window†. The emotive word in this sentence is ‘hurled’. It emphasises the malicious intention behind the attack and is more effective than using the word ‘throwing’. It suggests it was thrown with force and purpose. The preposition in this quote ‘at’ stresses violence as opposed to being gentle. They also interview Kelly’s head teacher and the re-housing council in the Guardian. Their words speak of Kelly as a person and her ability. The Daily Star is full of emotive words; this is because it is an opinionative article. â€Å"Her distraught dad found the tragic 13 year-old dead in her bedroom when he went to wake her for school at 7. 50am†. ‘Distraught’ shows the father’s pain and suffering; ‘tragic’ conveys a terrible image and has a severe impact on the reader. These are just a few examples but the Daily Star has plenty more. The sentence structure in the Guardian is complex. â€Å"Pauline Hasler, director of the Anti-Bullying Campaign, which was formed in 1985, said many schools did not take a hard enough line against bullying†. This is classified as a complex sentence. The subject throughout this sentence is Anti-Bullying; there are two objects, Pauline Hasler and schools in general. Punctuation joins three short statements together to form this complex sentence, whereas, the Daily Star tends to rely on simple sentences. â€Å"My daughter has been hounded to death. † It is simple but striking. It is simple because it contains a subject a verb and an object. Another example of a simple sentence is â€Å"Manslaughter charges could be brought if it is believed she was driven to kill herself†. The Guardian appeals to the more educated person with a better command of the English language, as it is a broadsheet newspaper. The vocabulary and style of language is more complex than a tabloid newspaper. The two newspapers are to suit different audiences and that is shown in the amount of fact and opinion in each article. The Daily Star is based on opinion whereas the Guardian takes a more factual approach. Although, they both try to grab the attention and sympathy from the reader. The Daily Star does this more successfully than the Guardian, the qualities of which lie in it’s broader range of facts and interviews with outside agencies which raise important issues beyond the immediate story of the suicide. Overall there is an element of class distinction which is related to the reader and their intellectual capability.

Wednesday, October 9, 2019

Marketing in Financial Service Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing in Financial Service - Coursework Example The current discourse aims to discuss how Asda Money is meeting the needs of its customers by entering chosen financial services markets using Lauterborn’s 4Cs approach: customer value, cost, communication, and convenience. Customer Value Customer value is defined as â€Å"the value that you provide that determines your position in the sector or market/s† (Creative & Cultural Skills, 2013, p. 1). In Asda’s case, customer value is the value that the organization would provide in offering Asda Money within the retail market. As explicitly defined, Asda Money offers three distinct products or services: the credit card, currency exchange, and insurance. ... This could be perceived as additional value in terms of substantial savings which could be gained just by availing of the Asda credit card, as contrasted with other credit cards offered in the UK. Likewise, the insurance services portionof Asda Money is more traditional since basic insurance packages are being offered, such as: general travel, home and car cover, which allegedly include car breakdown protection. Cost Cost is evaluated in terms of what the customer has to pay for availing of Asda Money. Asda definitely took into perspective that the customers’ satisfaction is achieved through the provision of unlimited cash back every time that the Asda credit card is used to purchase product and services, either within Asda’s retail outlets or outside. The cash savings that would be realized are plus factors for customers and could be an enticing element to lure them into availing of this particular financial service. When compared with other credit cards, the Asda cred it card was pegged as first in the supermarket industry. As such, customers would be relieved from apparent complicated promotions, such as rewards systems or other schemes where customers do not actually realize savings from daily purchases. By using Asda credit card, automatically, every purchase would mean cash rebates which the customer could immediately realize as savings. Communication Communication was described as providing customers with the opportunity to enage in meaningful interactions (Creative & Cultural Skills, 2013). The Asda Money was noted to be sold in stores, with information supplied at checkouts and online. Likewise, specialist companies (Anon., 2012) were noted to be of significant assistance in providing relevant informationabout Asda

Tuesday, October 8, 2019

Art history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Art history - Essay Example In order to compare the difference in sculpture and painting, the references have been taken from Zollner (1998) and Sandri (1997). Zollner discusses the Three Graces from a contextual point of view making the Three Graces as a pious symbol of expectation in the form of painting while Sandri stresses a critical stance on the subject of the Three Graces merely defining them as a subject of art which is in the form of sculpture. The author Zollner has appointed a descriptive way of discussing the painting of Three Graces. The medium of the painting is oil canvas that beholds the three ladies wearing their respective attires. These attires, however, been avoided in sculpture. Along with the discussion of the painting in the address of Zollner, he also provides significance of theme of the Three Graces. The colour of the three ladies is blended in the painting because of the possibility of using variety of strokes by the painter. This is far different in the case of sculpture as it is made up of white marble (ZÃ ¶llner). On the other hand, the author Sandri has critically discussed the Three Graces depiction into sculpture. In the following image, it can easily be noted that the true essence for which the three ladies were named as chastity, joy and love is missing from the sculpture. The clarity of bodily shape is missing and so the expression of chastity. However, it can be well asserted that it is not an easy to task for an artist to create a sculpture that gives enhancement to each feature. On comparison, it comes quiet easier to note that painting as well as sculptor makes use of support that each girl takes by putting hands on each other’s shoulder. This is one common aspect other than the front and back nude carving of the bodies of the Three Graces. The factor of using adjunct lines and outlines in the painting is quite evident. This is lesser in the case of sculpture because it provides a three dimensional experience to the art

Monday, October 7, 2019

Animal Captivity of Orcas Should Be Banned Essay

Animal Captivity of Orcas Should Be Banned - Essay Example The need to maximize profits and minimize costs means that the welfare of the animals is neglected (Clemmit, 2010). Unlike the use of animals for medical research, this practice is merely for the amusement of the public.It serves no greater good besides giving people momentary pleasure. The death of Dawn Brancheau in a deadly encounter with the orca responsible for two other deaths shows the consequences of vested economic interests. It would have been prudent to ensure that such an animal does not encounter another human being. The lives of trainers are endangered (Martinez, 2014). The documentary explores the death of Dawn Brancheau who was killed by a captive orca. The same orca had killed two other trainers. Although there are generally accepted occupational hazards, the death of three people by one animal is unacceptable. The animals are destabilized when they are away from their indigenous habitats making them violent. The practice has a negative effect on the mental health of the animals. The film suggests that Tilikum had been driven to madness by his captivity (Martinez, 2014). Captured animals live in a restrictive environment causing them to undergo pain, distress and in extreme cases death. Many marine biologists believe that orcas are designed to travel millions of miles in a single day. The restricted environment makes them irritated and a danger to people (Martinez, 2014). It is morally wrong to use animals for human amusement. The People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) has equated the practice to slavery (Martinez, 2014). It is morally wrong to inflict pain on one creature for the benefit of another. The animals have the ability to feel and should not be tortured (Clemmit, 2010). Modern science is increasingly showing that animals are more complex creatures than expected (Clemmit, 2010). A good example is chickens which do not even qualify for Animal

Sunday, October 6, 2019

Micro Economics Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Micro Economics Report - Essay Example It can be said that the economic problem necessarily follows from the valuation of goods bought by the consumers. It again can be argued that the valuation of the consumers goods do not depend solely on the factors of production but also on the supply conditions of the factors of production. The problem cannot be solved is it can be shown that the knowledge were accrued only to a single mind. Instead economists need to show how interaction between persons who possess partial knowledge can lead to a solution. If it is assumed that all knowledge is given of a single mind then all important and significant things on the real world are disregarded. The explanation of the article Analysis made by Professor Schumpeter suggests that there are some problems with the approach used by some researchers which disregards some of the crucial phenomenon with which people have to deal with like unavoidable imperfection in common man’s knowledge as well as consequent requirements for a process by which knowledge is constantly communicated and acquired. It cannot be denied that the equilibrium analysis has some useful function which it can perform. The problem with which the author of the journal wants to deal with is of rational economic organization. Many of the points that the author has tried to discuss in the article revolves around the diverse paths of reasoning that have emerged unexpectedly. The author is of the opinion that that there exists current disputes between economic theory and economic policy. The dispute arises from the misconception about the nature of economic problem that accrues to the society. The reason for the emergence of misconception is the error prone transfer of the habits of thought to social phenomena that were developed with the view to deal with the phenomena of nature. The allocation of the available resources is regarded by the word planning. The economic activities can be treated to be as planning as in any society where many people c ollaborate it will be based upon knowledge which through some means must be conveyed to the planner. The crucial problem in explaining the economic process for any theory is the various means of communication on which people base their plans. The design of an efficient economic system is the finest method of utilizing the knowledge originally dispersed amongst all people. Hayek questions the argument of how to solve the rational economic order. The author began the article by wondering the possible ways of constructing an economic order. A problem would not arise if there is full transparency and information in the economy. But the author notes that there is no full transparency and information within the society. It is impossible to correctly justify the desires of the neighbours. The problem stated in the article is utilization of knowledge that is partially accrued by persons and they are devoid of gaining the full knowledge. All forms of economic activity which can either be dec entralized or centralized involve the term planning. According to Hayek, the system that will lead to optimum utilization of the available knowledge will depend on the expected situation where the knowledge is to be applied. Choosing the right expert is a complicated problem if someone is looking for the experts who might have the capability to use the knowledge. However Hayek