Eugene Richards :: essays research papers

A freelance photographer, writer and a teacher, Eugene Richards is a storyteller of the common people. doubly named U.S. magazine photographer of the year, he is often considered one of the worlds best documentary photographers for his hard hitting explorations of our society. Richards currently works with Time Life, theme history and the New York Times and is the author of nine tidingss including below the line, American we and the knife and gun club. All in which he uses a combination of photograph and elegantly written narrative to show an idiosyncratic portrait of the American people. Richards focus is that of the ignored a people that otherwise pee been forgotten. Its his compassion to his subjects and his commitment to them that surpasses the act of making a pretty picture. Spending days with his subjects in the slums of Harlem or the hardly developed mountains of West Virginia he immerses himself into the frequently bitter life of his next award-winning photo. Often includ ing word for word text of testimonials recorded by junkies and destitute farmers, Richards is able to provide an unreserved portrayal. All he has done is to select and make us look at the faces of the ignored, opinions and reactions are left to be made by the viewer.Have you constantly been at the beach safely shielded by a dark pair of sunglasses and just watched? Being a silent third caller to a father screaming at his seven-year-old daughter for putting the inner tube in the wrong place. People watching has for a long duration been one of my favorite activities as third party you are able to see people for what they are, unbiased by already having known the person. Eugene Richardss book has made me look at my hobby from an artistic vantagepoint. Hes made me start to think that one day I would like to be one behind a telephoto lens capturing those moments that people dont think anyone else saw. Richards photographs have made me relies that photography is more then a point a sh oot process.

The Lasting Effect of Sin and Guilt on Hester and Dimmesdale Essays

Without an honorable reputation a person is not model(prenominal) of respect from others in their society. In Nathaniel Hawthornes novel, The Scarlet Letter, the struggle to shake off the past is an underlying theme throughout the novel. Characters in this novel go through their lives struggling with trying to cope with the guilt and shame associated with actions that lost them their honorable reputation. Particularly, Hawthorne shows the lasting effect that sin and guilt has on two of the main(prenominal) characters in the book Hester Prynne and Reverend Dimmesdale.Hester Prynnes guilt is the result of her committing adultery, which has a significant effect on her biography. Hester is publicly seen with the scarlet letter when she first emerges out of the frore dark prison. It had the effect of a spell, taking her out of the ordinary relations with humanity and enclosing her in a sphere by herself (49). The spell that is mentioned is the scarlet letter, so fantastically embroid ered and illuminated upon her bosom (49). The scarlet letter is what isolates her from everyone else because it symbolizes sin. Hester is in her very own sphere, where her sin affects her livelihood and has completely cut her off from the world. Her juggle into the sphere marks the beginning of her guilt and it occurs when she is in the prison after her first exposure to the crowd. The prison marks the beginning of a new life for Hester, a life full of guilt and seclusion. Her problem is that her shame is slowly surfacing while she faces the crowd realizing that she has been stripped of all her pride and everything that was important to her in the past. The lasting effect of Hesters sin is the shame that she now embodies due to her committing adultery. The shame that is ass... ...is the guilt, which they are left with in the end. On the fateful day where the two commit adultery, they had no idea that this mistake would turn out to be like an ominous black cloud that they would ne ver be able to escape from. When they chose to control Pearl, they unknowingly signed a contract that said they would have to suffer with their guilty conscience as a consequence for having Pearl. At the time, they did not look that they would feel much guilt, but when the word got out that Hester had a baby, everything changed. The mistake had been made and they would now be forced to live with it whether they liked it or not. In the end, Hester and Dimmesdale both sacrifice their peaceful lives to live with the guilt of giving birth to a child who should have never been born.Works CitedHawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York Bantam, 1986.

Essay on Voltaire’s Candide: The Accuracy of Candide -- Voltaire Candi

Voltaire is correct in Candide, where he argues that life on earth is hell in more ways. Voltaire accurately describes how selfish people often be and how they inflict misery on others as a result. Voltaire too describes accurately common forms of cruelty in society. Although he may be mistaken that every(prenominal) wars are equally senseless and avoidable, Voltaire is correct in showing that war inevitably produces atrocities, which makes for hell on earth. In support of these statements, lets examine Voltaires accurate exposition of human selfishness. An example would be the behavior of the sailor who Pangloss and Candide met on their voyage to Lisbon. This sailor was rescued from drowning by Jacques the Anabaptist. Yet when Jacques fell into the sea himself, the sailor refused to chance his own life to save him. As a result of this selfishness, Jacques died. Later on, when the sailor reached shore, he ignored the fatherings of people horribly injured by a recent earthqu ake. Instead the sailor took money from them in order to get drunk and hire a prostitute. This sailor was wholly self-centered and uncaring some anyone else and by not helping anybody out he in effect inflicted misery on them. When the terrorists destroyed the World Trade Centers, and many police and firemen were killed, many people received money for relatives that did not die, and used the money for gambling, booze and whores. Human nature in this regard has not changed since the book was written. This being so, Voltaires exposition of how human selfishness can often turn life on earth into a hell is accurate. Voltaires depiction of how common cruelty is in society is also well supported. For example, Voltaire describes how Candide en... ... again as an example, there were many instances of people who risked their own lives to save others and as a result received citations and promotions as well as the admiration of their family and friends. This objection to my argument, how ever, does not take an important thrust of Candide into account. That is, that Voltaire felt that he had to use exaggeration and one-sided presentation to make sure his auditory modality did not refuse to contemplate deeply just how much cruelty and selfishness exists at all times all around them and how much people suffer because of that. Works Cited and Consulted Frautschi, R.L. Barrons Simplified Approach to Voltaire Candide. New York Barrons Educational Series, Inc., 1998. Lowers, James K, ed. Cliff Notes on Voltaires Candide. Lincoln Cliff Notes, Inc. 1995. Voltaire. Candide. New York Viking Publishers, 1976.

Dance with the Music :: essays research papers

When we think of gifts, we picture little boxes covered with shiny wrap up paper and a cute little ribbon on top. For my fifth birthday, my present didnt exactly fit these requirements.Sitting down in effort of the piano eery night, I can remember the timewhen one little girls dream came true. Immediately after I woke up on the day of my fifth birthday, my parents blind-folded me and led me to the dining room. Taking off the handkerchief, I stood in front of the most beautiful piano I had ever seen. In front of me was a brown, upright Wurlitzer, my very own piano. I immediately pulled place the chairfrom under the piano and opened the lid. I took a deep breath and played Jingle Bells, the only song I could memorize at the time. Gliding my fingers over the smooth piano keys, I couldnt believe that this was actually happening.Turning five, I was only interested in music. While other children would sit in front of their televisions and bug their eyes out watching Barney and Sesame Street, I became engrossed in watching tapes of ballets, concerts, and musicals. It was evident that I was a child who would grow to love music and its art nevertheless no one could ever imagine that this interest would evolve into a significance that would change my childhood forever. At around the same time, I cognise that my cousin Caroline was my role model. She was a tall girl that would blow people away as soon as shestepped into a room you could grit her magnificence from a mile away. Caroline was attracted to just about everything that I was, and excelled at all the things that she attempted, which included the art of piano. Once I learned that she was such a brilliant musician, I started to beg to learn how to play the piano. Most of my family members thought that this was just some childhood stage that I would quickly nail over and drop. My mother brought me to my first keyboard teacher, Scott. He taught me about all the essentials including the notes, their values, a nd some simple songs. Although I learned nothing more then the basics, I was overjoyed, treating the simple-minded steps as gold. Every week afterlessons, I would rush to my parents, skipping with delight, eager to show them what I had learned.

compression :: essays research papers

Due to compression, TV audio and video require less bandwidth and multiple digital TV channels bathroom fit unto unmatched satellite transponder as oppose to a single analogue channel occupying the whole transmission line. A TV signal is captured by a camera and then manipulated during program production. At this point the video must be at its juicyest quality and overflowing bandwidth for recording, editing and special effects purposes. Then the TV signal needs to be compressed for economical transmission and storage. The possible efficiency of compression depends on a couple of factors. If a signal will be further edited and manipulated in the receiving studio it must maintain a relatively high quality and therefore send awayt be compressed as much as a signal that will be sent today to the viewers TV set. Also, the extent to which a signal can be successfully compressed depends on the type of program (E.g. movies can be compressed more than sports). Nevertheless, a typical program mix will fit up to 10 digital television channels on one transmission line. Furthermore, compression techniques that fall into two categories lossless (reversible, no data loss) and lossy (irreversible, greater data reduction). Effective compression is best achieved with a faction of data reduction techniques such as bit rate reduction and compression. The difference is that bit rate reduction eliminates unnoticeable data, and compression removes unnecessary and ebullient data through mathematical algorithms. Due to different forms of redundancy and the fact that the human visual system is unable to detect certain details, information can be altered or removed causing changes that are imperceptible to the human eye or brain. After compression, the structure data, audio and video must be multiplexed. A number of compressed TV signals are combined by a multiplexer and put unto a shared transition medium. This is done by one of the two possible kinds of multiplexers that res ult in either a transport or a program stream, which is suited for secure transmission paths since it can contain large amounts of information. In addition multiplexing can be done using various methods. Time division multiplexing allocates a distinct time time interval for each channel in a set with the help of synchronization and a fixed interval order the channels take turns using the normal line.

compression :: essays research papers

Due to capsule, TV audio and word picture require less bandwidth and ten-fold digital TV channels outhouse fit unto one satellite transponder as oppose to a single analogue channel occupying the whole contagious disease system line. A TV signal is captured by a camera and then manipulated during program production. At this point the video must be at its highest role and full bandwidth for recording, editing and special effects purposes. Then the TV signal needs to be compressed for economical transmission and storage. The possible efficiency of compression depends on a couple of factors. If a signal will be further edited and manipulated in the receiving studio it must maintain a relatively high quality and therefore cant be compressed as much as a signal that will be move directly to the viewers TV set. Also, the extent to which a signal can be successfully compressed depends on the type of program (E.g. movies can be compressed more than sports). Nevertheless, a typical p rogram mix will fit up to 10 digital television channels on one transmission line. Furthermore, compression techniques that fall into two categories lossless (reversible, no data loss) and lossy (irreversible, greater data reduction). Effective compression is best achieved with a combination of data reduction techniques such as bit rate reduction and compression. The difference is that bit rate reduction eliminates unnoticeable data, and compression removes needless and excessive data through mathematical algorithms. Due to different forms of redundancy and the fact that the human visual system is unable to detect certain details, schooling can be altered or removed ca use changes that are imperceptible to the human eye or brain. After compression, the structure data, audio and video must be multiplexed. A number of compressed TV signals are combined by a multiplexer and put unto a shared transition medium. This is do by one of the two possible kinds of multiplexers that result i n either a transport or a program stream, which is suited for secure transmission paths since it can contain large amounts of information. In addition multiplexing can be done using various methods. Time division multiplexing allocates a distinct clip interval for each channel in a set with the help of synchronization and a fixed interval order the channels take turns using the common line.

What is language

Describe the components of lingual process. (3) Explain the relevance/importance of side of meat trounceing to Studies. (4) habit the knowledge gained to analyses a few texts. Candela et. Al. 2012 1-2) By working through your tutorial matter (study guide and textbooks), you should be able to provide answers to these questions. What Is phrase? Language is the method of human communication, either spoken or writ x, consisting of the accustom of words in a structured and conventional way. l What is communication? Communication is the transferral or exchanging of information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium. 2 In order to communicate (for people to understand one a nonher) we penury to use verbiage in a structured manner. Consider the following sentences ) I am halcyon because I ate chocolate. ) Chocolate I happy I because ate am. C) I ma yap succubae I tea teleo pellucid. 1 OFFS Why do you understand the first sentence? Why ar the back and third sentences unintelligible? For meaningful communication to take place, we need to understand and apply the rules of the incident language we are studying. In this module, we assume well-nigh some of the rules which govern the English language. You will learn words, sentences and ideas that will help you to describe language. These words and ideas will be applied to real life situations where English is used.Consider how English is used in different situations school, work, home and Twitter. You will begin to appreciate that language use varies from one context to a nonher. As yourself the question would you talk or write to your employer in the same way that you would address your friends? You will be introduced to the technical language terminology (such as syntax, phonetics, phonology, register, musical style, text, semantics and pragmatics) in order to study language. Since you do not generally use language in isolation, we need to investigate how it is used in society.Remember that not eitherone uses language in the same manner. For this reason, we need to learn varieties of language, dialects, standards, and attitudes to language. What is a text? If you adduce to the dictionary, there are many definitions provided for text. For example, a text could refer to a book or other written or printed work, regarded in terms of its content rather than its physical form. 3 In your study guide, we learn that text does not refer exclusively to written material. By text we mean any piece of writing/language that hangs together from the ginning to the end.It has to have unity. Texts do not only have to be written. They can be spoken, e. G. The news that we hear on radio, or the news that we watch being broadcast on Television. A text can in like manner be visual or audio-visual. Indeed, texts that are gived for television are audio-visual. Similarly, some written texts combine both the written and the visual, e. G. newsprint reports. An art painting, such as, (Candela e t. Al. , 2012 3) Example of a text Mona Lisa Leonardo dad Vinci Why do you think a painting can be regarded as a text? Provide other examples of texts. What is a landed estate?One definition for domain is a specified theatre of activity or knowledge. 4 In your study guide, we learn that a domain does not refer exclusively to written Domain refers to social categories which locate all instances of language use in various situations or contexts. It can be the classroom domain, the sports field, a church, a political rally, etc. Notice that a classroom belongs to the larger sphere or domain of education, and a sermon in church belongs to the larger domain of religion. (Candela et. Al. , 2012 4) Provide examples of a domain. Why is it authorized to identify a domain? ?Earlier, I provided a dictionary definition of language. On page 4 of your study guide, there are other definitions of language. In this module, language is viewed as a carcass of relating forms to functions. What does this mean? Firstly, can you identify the constituents of a sentence? I. E. Can you identify a verb, adverb, noun, adjective and so forth? Sentence. If you can identify these forms and how they function in a sentence, then you will begin to understand how they produce meaning in a text. Language is like a machine. If any move are missing or are in the wrong place, the machine will not work.The following table from the study guide represents the language system Language concept Meaning Phonetics The study of speech goodishs. Phonology The study of the toilsome patterning system. Lexis The study of the actual words a writer or loudspeaker chooses to use. Morphology The study of how words are formed. Syntax The study of how words combine to form sentences and the rules that govern the formations. Orthography Writing systems Semantics The study of meaning, how meaning is do and understood. Pragmatics The study of the use of language in communication I. E. Sentences as used in cont exts and situations. DiscourseWhat is Language?The question above at first watch seemed easy to answer especially that we all have preconceived idea of what really language is. Language is talking. Noam Chomsky contends that more than any other characteristics, the possession of language distinguishes manhood from animals (Chomsky). He argued that to understand humanity, one must understand the disposition of language that makes us human. Language is not merely the ability to talk, rather, it is the capacity to produce dies that signify certain meanings and to understand or interpret the sounds produced by others (Chomsky, p. 2).Thus, if one do not know the language, the words of that language will be for the most part inconceivable. Language is more than speech as deaf people can produce languages without words just as normal persons generate and understand vocal languages. Language is what makes people understands each other, it is makes nations to unite for a common goals a nd it is the very foundation of progress and achievements. Thus understanding language is an essential task that every one must undertake. The world has perhaps thousands of different language that for most of us we can only speak five or the most is ten of these languages.Our limited knowledge of such languages is hindering us to achieve our goals to live in peace, unity, and, in cooperation with each other. Linguistic study therefore is an essential maltreat towards this purpose of achieving, unity, cooperation, and mutual understanding with each other. lettered what is Language Knowing a language involves knowing what sounds are in that language. It means that when one is not an English speaker he or she cannot substitute the pronunciation of a certain word to make it appear the word is pronounced in English. victorious for example the case presented by Chomsky, he noted that French people often pronounced the English word this and that as if they were spelled as Zis and Zat. knowing the sound system of the language therefore includes more than just the record of sounds. It involves knowing which sounds whitethorn start a word, end a word, and follow each other. jibe to Chomsky, knowing the sounds and the patterns of sounds amount to only one part of our lingual knowledge.While it may be true that certain sequence of sounds denote certain concepts or meanings, if this is the case, knowing a language is not an easy task. One has to learn the sequences of sound if he or she has to learn language. That is, the words in that language which is also the sound sequences that are related to particular meanings. Thus, if one do not know a language, he or she cannot understand the meaning of the words or sentences of that language, because the relationship between speech and sounds is very subjective or an arbitrary one.Acquiring a language therefore needs one to identify that the sounds delineate by the letters signify the concept. Sign Languages The relationsh ip between form (sound) and the meaning (concept) of a word is true even in sign languages (Chomsky, p. 5). It is questionable someone who is using Chinese sign language CSL) can comprehend the message of the one who is using American Sign Language (ASL), the same with the other. The compose noted that not all the movements of the hands reveal the meaning of the gesture in sign languages.He point out that there is some sound symbolism in language, which is the words whose pronunciation suggest meanings. These words or sounds in a language sometimes imitate other sounds, however, although there may be some sounds that are similar to the objects or actions they refer to, the sounds differ from language to language because each language has its own particular system of language. However, Martin Hann accent that in understanding the message of the language both the sender and the featurer needs shared meanings of the gestures tones, and other communication symbols (Hann, M. . Hann p ointed out that all the information and messages that we receive is being organized by our minds into a mental map that correspond to our perception of reality.The Importance of Sound Sequences To some extent, the author noted that some particular sound sequences seem to relate to a particular notion. Citing as example, the English words beginning gl such as glare, glint, gleam, glitter, glossy, glaze, glimmer, glimpse, and so forth, seemed to be related to sight. However, other set of words beginning with the same two letters, such as gladiator, glucose, glory, glutton, etc. ave nothing to do with sight. The point here is, it is important to know the sound sequences that relate to a particular idea. It does not matter for any one even if he or she can memorize all the 472,000 entries in the Webster dictionary unless he or she can learn the uses of each of those words. In other words, one cannot learn to speak foreign language by buying a dictionary and memorizing all the words, be cause one will not be able to construct even a simple sentences or phrase in a particular language that can be understand by a native speaker of that language.To understand the words in a language it is important to know where the words begin and where it ended. The Linguistic creative thinking As some one said, language is a gift of God to humanity. It is through language that humans communicate with each other regardless of race, and nationality. However, we cannot deny that there are language barriers to this communication. One of the most identified barriers is culture diversity. Portland State University, Sociology professor Sharon lee noted that culture includes language and communication system and is often been used as alternative for culture (Lee, Sharon 2003).The language barrier caused by our cultural differences divides us in many aspect of our civilized social life because everyone has a unique perception and the ideas or the messages, and gestures being expressed diff er from others. . Hence, the linguistic creativity is an essential initiative understanding language. Knowledge of language made it possible to combine sounds to construct words and to form phrases to make a sentence of the language. Knowing a language then, means being able to construct sentences and to understand sentences never heard before.This ability to construct and to understand sentences in a language is referred to as the creative aspect of language use. Linguistic creativity is a knowledge hungry process in which metaphors, poems, and jokes are just some of the typical forms. However, our creative ability is reflected not only by what we say, but it also includes our understanding of new sentences (Chomsky p. 9). Linguistic Knowledge and Performance The rise of linguistic in the 19th century has led to the formation of linguistic as a science, which means that linguistic is now a study.For Noam Chomsky Linguistic competence is a linguistic performance, which suggests tha t it is a process towards achieving such objective. For Chomsky, linguistic competence is the knowledge that we have of a certain language, or the ability to speak such language, which in cover snuff its our linguistic performance. In other words linguistic competence and linguistic performance are basically inseparable. That is, When one is linguistic competent, it is a result of a long process of studying language. Ones mastery of language therefore as a result of such study is the linguistic performance.However, For Chomsky, linguistic competence is the unconscious knowledge of grammatical system. The linguistic system such as the sounds, the structures, words, and rules for putting them all collectively is acquired with no conscious awareness. Chomsky emphasized that we are unaware of the rules of language. Our knowledge of the rules of language is revealed by our ability to speak and understand, and to make judgment about(predicate) the grammaticality of the sentences. Roumy ana Slabakova and Silvina Montrul noted that grammatical competence is the unconscious, inherent knowledge that a speaker has about language.The Use of Grammar Grammar according to Chomsky has been defined as that which authorized us either to converse a language or to talk about a language. The way we use the word grammar differs from it most common usage. For Chomsky, grammar includes the knowledge that speaker have about the rules of the language for combining sounds into words which is called phonology bandage the rules of forming a word is called morphology and the rules for combining words into phrases and phrases into sentences is called syntax, the rule for giving meaning is called semantics.Linguistic competence in this regard is the ability to understand the nature of grammar, which then lead to the understanding to the understanding of the nature of the language. There are two ways linguist use grammar, first, grammar refers to the mental grammars that speakers have in their brain. The second is the model or the linguists description of this internalized grammar. Grammatical sentence according to Chomsky is when it conforms to the rules of the mental grammar and the so-called ungrammatical sentences are those who deviate from the rules in some ways.However, Chomsky pointed out that every language variety has its own grammar and no language is superior to any other language in linguistic sense. That is every grammar is embodyly complex, equally logical and capable of constructing an endless set of sentences to express any thought that can be equally expressed in any other language or dialect, too. It may me expressed using different words, phrases, and sentences, but what is important is that it can be expressed.However, not every grammarian shared that all grammar are equal as there are those who believed even from the earliest times that some account of language are better than others and that there are correct forms that the amend people shoul d use in speaking and writing, and to change language is corruption. Among those who shared this view were the Alexandrians in the first century, the Arabic scholars at Basra, in the eight-century, and the combined push-down stack of numerous English grammarians of the eighteenth and nineteenth century.Chomsky contends that these people wished to prescribed rather than describe the rules of grammar that paved the way to the rise of the writing of prescriptive grammars. This prescriptive grammar has become the language grammar of the upper classes. Conclusion Language is very important regardless of how others would view it. There are may be language for the elite fecund and famous, or for the intellectuals, or even for the street people. What ever, language we use, the most important is we understand the people whom we are talking with.It is where that language is said to be a gift, for if we cannot understand others merely because they do not speak our language does not constitut e is what is meant of misunderstanding. While I believe in the importance of leaning language but it should not be a hindrance towards understanding each other. However, for the improvement of our society and we must all strive to learn as such(prenominal) language as we can. In this way we can communicate well and can understand each other well. There is nothing wrong ig we utilized our ability to learn language instead, there plenty of benefits if we do so.

Article Summary

Article Summary With the increase in online courses, along came an increase in the drop out(a) rates versus the traditional sit-in environment. During this study, valuable knowledge was proffered to increase student success and minimize drop out rates. There needs to be communication among peers and instructor to have success in online courses. A group of students from the University of Pretoria, were enrolled in a Masters program, and their online activities were tracked for 8 weeks, by a program called Learning management (LMS) track.The LMS tracking tool was able to offer nformation on students blog postings, 161 5 discussions posts, an online quiz, and examination essays (Nagel, Blignaut, & Cronje, 2009, p, 41). Through their examination, they were able to categorize three stratifications of students (Nagel, et al, 2009, 45) and their traits. The first stratification group was the fail grade, which rarely posted, hardly collaborated with their peers, searched really(prenomin al) little, rarely replied to his online community, or provided no feedback. This peed frustration among other peers that were assigned to their group project, because they never articipated.ARTICLE SUMMARYThis articles looks at movies with the same patterns and show the same fortuity and apocalyptic genre as the movies that are leased in the late sass. The point of doing this is to track the four theme elements that are seen in films that are released forrader and after the 9/1 1 round off and how they are transacted into films. These four themes are the representation of the apocalypse the role of human agency the role of religious belief and the using of rhetorical means to provide commentary for the films.By doing this, we are saying that the movie representations of the apocalypse are much more(prenominal) pessimistic after the attack on 9/11 , which I think wows that science fiction, or sic-if, displays wider socio-political concerns and at the same time provides the exp ected awesome, audio-visual displays which piece of tail be labeled as entertainment. Representations fall into two broad categories direct and indirect.Direct representation has the benefit of being easy to evaluate and are used to solving. This article uses images that we associate with 9/1 1 to describe some matter traumatizing that happens and cause people to look for a reason to control and to look for something or someone to place blame. Before 9/11 , films showed to have apocalyptic themes but in the oddment there is always some sort of solution.For example the article talks about the movie Armageddon and how the briny character detonates the bomb exactly at the deadline, causing the asteroid to split in two and miss the earth saving everyone and everything. Looking post 9/1 1 , we see that after a traumatic heretoforet, peoples ideologies change, films no longer have a person save the day, the main character is very flawed, there is no expert ending and salvation is not guaranteed. The one question that stands out to me as a reader is that if humans can cause this much damage, do we deserve a second chance?No, because cinematic representations of the apocalypse both jettisoned overt references to Biblical sources and shifted the etiology of the destruction away from eerie forces and towards natural phenomena and/or the con- sequences of human action. (Gaston and seawallis 55) As the article progresses, I notice the abundance or religious references but at the same time efficaciously removes the u preternatural as an agent of either destruction or salvation. (Gaston and Wallis 58) .After reading this article, I came to the conclusion that anything that humans have set up in ordinate to live comfortably like federal and local government, protection or even technology cannot be relied upon because these things could be the ones that could ultimately end us. Take for example the movie that the article refers to, V is for Vendetta. This movies is a bout a government that releases a virus and then turns around and comes out with a cure. all way we look at it humans are responsible and salvation is not guaranteed.Article SummaryIn this article, the author, Debra Barrow, talks about how customer wait on has changed from the proficient old days of full service gas stations and face to face communication to todays self-serve, pre-recorded society. Customers back then were fiercely loyal to your seam when you gave them good service in virtually any type of businesses. She examines if the downturn in the economy has something to do with the lowering of the level of customer service or if it has on the nose been happening for a while.The suggestions the author gives are very good and center on being empathetic to your customer. Making yourself or a delegate available for face to face communication of issues and questions is also mentioned. She finishes with reminding us that competition is fierce customers have a wide choice of alternatives. The customer usually goes with the scoop up value that they see. This does not dismiss the importance of customer service as people do remember those that treat them well.I feel that the article is very good despite being perhaps a little obvious. But that in itself is the problem. Much of what is talked about In the article is no longer obvious to many another(prenominal) people and they are not mindful of the Importance of well-favored or even achieving great customer service. As my career choice is in the data technology field, I can use the Information presented In this article to make sure that I keep both cozy and external customers happy and that In turn will not only keep me happy, but will make my Job much more bearable. ecstasy years In customer service has taught me that while the customer may not always be right, the least that you can do Is make sure that they come away from your interaction with a smile and feeling that their problem has been solve d. Work Cited Barrow, Debra. Customer Service cover charge In the Day CustomerServlceManager. 2012. Web. Septa. 2014 Article Summary By muskellunges Customer Service Back in the Day that in itself is the problem.Much of what is talked about in the article is no longer obvious to many people and they are not mindful of the importance of giving or even technology field, I can use the information presented in this article to make sure that I keep both internal and external customers happy and that in turn will not only keep me happy, but will make my Job much more bearable. Ten years in customer service can do is make sure that they come away from your interaction with a smile and Barrow, Debra.Article synopsisAs the immigration population increases in the united States so does the New York workforce according to this article. Nonetheless this is not a very positive thing once the article goes in depth about why this is so. Sample says that in a time of widespread Joblessness, Mexica ns, specifically in New York. hold up proved to be skilled at finding and keeping work. The article focuses on Mexican because they are the its largest immigrant group.They have the highest rate of employment and are more likely to hold a Job compared to the typical New Works native-born population. This data was In accordance with an analysis of the most recently available census data. Surprisingly statistics show that Mexicans In New York are even employed at a greater rate than Mexicans nationwide. Sadly, these statistics do not happen without out the consequences of workplace abuse. There are several reasons why illegal immigrants are the targets and i overlay workers for most employers.This is true for the fact that most employers are interested in hiring people who are willing to overlook some labor laws. Most of these workers said they had never been paid overtime compensation almost always were minded(p) the dirty Jobs and were sometimes forced to work on their only day of f. As one of these employees said in the article, there is not much that they can do to even stand up for their right because they are too scared of either being fired or deported. The employment rate Just for New Works working-age Mexican men is even higher at n astounding 97 percent.Some analysts believe that the census underestimates employment rates for populations with high rime of Illegal Immigrants, Like Mexicans, because those without legal documentation fear revealing their employment status. Response Sample addresses a lot of issues that emerge from hiring immigrants. There is not plainly the abuse of their rights and labor laws but, emotional or psychological abuse on these employees. This is a very helpful article for those who do not understand or are angered by immigrants taking over American Jobs.It is not very appealing to the average American citizen to work long hours with a pay up less than minimum wage. It is no surprise that in New York most Mexican immigrant s are heavily concentrated in jobs that involve food preparation. some other area that they are not surprisingly hired in is construction. These are occupations that require a lot of hours on the Job and I know for a fact that Is can and most likely causes emotional stress particularly when hey are being extremely under paid.Article SummaryOne of the humanitys biggest insurance companies has experienced a major setback that urged the U.S. government to take the necessary procedures in acquiring and managing the hard AIG. The $85 million deal has spared the American International Group, Inc. or AIG to an imminent bankruptcy, which could create bigger problems for the holistic financial system.Obviously, AIGs SOS is one of the many repercussions of the recent meltdown in Wall Street. Unlike the Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc., the federal government cannot afford AIG to hit the bankruptcy pavement. AIG already was clamouring for financial aid from the government in order to prevent the firm from going bankrupt.Not until the recent Wall Street Meltdown, The federal government finally came into terms with AIG regarding the substantial loan that will spare the insurance firm from observable bankruptcy.With this in tow, the government has acted accordingly upon its legal authority, which allows the government to append non-bank firms under unusual and exigent circumstances that is stated in the Federal Reserve Act.AIGs assets secure the said loan, which gives the government the security it needs even if markets continue to hit the ground (Karnitschnig et al, 2008). The height of AIGs financial crisis reached critical levels when the credit place was eventually downgraded. The insurance firm was compelled to place a $14.5 in collateral.However, AIG cannot seem to acquire funds in a wink of an eye in order to sustain collateral demands even though it has enough assets to sell. Eventually, AIGs board approved the deal that spared the firm from hitting the bankrup tcy pavement. The firms finale will secure all AIG policyholders and the firm itself to initiate and conduct assets sales in an apt manner.The federal government was more than aware that AIGs realizable bankruptcy will create repercussions, and it will chair to a domino effect of catastrophic proportions. Considering that most mutual funds and major banks are crucial holders of the firms debts, AIG would be the linchpin of setbacks for these firms as well (Karnitschnig et al, 2008). As AIGs futile attempts to garner funds from private-sector banks in order to raise as much as $75 billions in order to prevent bankruptcy, abrupt financial aid given by the government secures AIGs finances even if its insurance operations are stable and healthy. The federal government speculates that AIGs financial woes will beget more problems for the firm, if ever it wont lend the much-needed finances the firm needs to spare itself from bankruptcy.AIGs shares have plummeted 21% ($3.75) due to the fact that most investors have replenished stocks due to the insurance firms financial woes (Karnitschnig et al, 2008). Most insurance companies perceive that AIG is one of a kind, considering that former CEO Hank Greenberg founded AIG into the insurance giant that it is today. Industry pundits expect AIG to liquidate its assets in the Asian market in order to compensate for the loan it has from the federal government.However, AIGs expansion to other emerging markets continues, as its insurance operations can result to substantial acquisition of firms in Asia as well (Karnitschnig et al, 2008).References Karnitschnig,M. et al. (2008). U.S. to Take Over AIG in $85 Billion Bailout Central Banks Inject Cash as assent Dries Up. Retrieved October 9, 2008, from http//online.wsj.com/article/SB122156561931242905.html

The Qur’an

The Quran is recognized as the delay literal words of GOD given to his people by Muhammad the last prophet, or messenger of GOD (Quran recitations and translation online, 2006-2009). The Quran is without a beginning, middle, or ending, and consists of 114 chapters of varying lengths called Sura. Each Sura is titled dependant on the nitty-gritty being portrayed (Hooker, 1996). It to a fault reveals the deriveing five pillars of Islam (Five Pillars of Islam, 2009) or standards that define Muslim religious belief and practice. These pillars ar the foundation of Muslim religion.Good base and thesis statement. Shahada means the acceptance of no other GOD but ALLAH and that Mohammad is the prophet of Allah (Five Pillars of Islam, 2009). This same theme is reinereated thoroughout the Quran is is the single most important cornerstone of Muslim religion. Develop paragraph tho. Salat is the requirement to pray daily starting at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset, and night facing toward the Mecca. (source? ) This time is seen as a own(prenominal) conversation with Allah expressing gratitude and worship as well as asking for assistance if needed.It is believed that this practice enables one to remain on a true path of reformeousness. (Five Pillars of Islam, 2009) Muslims are seen daily at the Mosques during this ritual petition but it is not a requirement to pray in a Mosque the only requirement for daily prayer is the area is to be clean. Zakah or charitable giving consists of two main types. First, there is the kajj, which is a fixed amount based on the cost of viands that is paid during the month of Ramadan for the entire family.Make an original title that reflects your thesis statement. This could be very expensive depending on the amount of people in the family and whether or not you included the extended family in the accounting. Avoid 2nd person voice. Second, there is the Zakat on wealth, which covers money made in business, savings, income, and valuable s held for longer than one course of instruction only as long as the value is greater than Nisab (the equilivent of 3 ozs of gold). (source? ) One dirty dog always give more in order to bring a greater divine reward.The following guiding principles should be followed when giving the Zakat the giver must declare is intention to GOD. It must be paid on the day that it is due, or it is considered the refusal to fulfill GODS wishes. (source? ) Payment must be in kind, wealthy people pay in cash while poorer people can pay in goods or time depending on their ability. And finally the Zakat is always distributed in the confederacy it originated. It is through Zakat that the responsibility to eliminate inequity and ease stinting hardship in every community is fulfilled. Five Pillars of Islam, 2009) This practice of distribution in the community at times can lead to inequality when political economy of the area are factored in.Fragment- Make topic sentence- Sawm or Ramadan Fasting. Durin g this 30 day period one must abstain from food, drink, and sexual intercourse from dawn to drop while being especially mindful of other sins. (source? ) on that point are three different types of fasting recognized although the act of fasting remains the same. There is ritual fasting, fasting as compensation or repentance, and ascetic fasting. (source? ) The purpose is to allow Muslims to seek nearness to Allah, to express their gratitude to and dependence on him, to atone for their prehistoric sins, and to remind them of the needy. Since there is the fasting in place during daylight hours, some mosques hold early morning breakfast gatherings as well as community dinners at night during the period of Ramadan. (Five Pillars of Islam, 2009) Hajj or the pilgrimage to Mecca is the last pillar of Islam.Every able-bodied Muslim is obliged to make this at least(prenominal) once in their lifetime if they can afford it (Five Pillars of Islam, 2009). This pilgrimage is not dependant on distance either. If living in the States or even further away it is still an expectation that if able the pilgrimage will be made. The five pillars of Islam are just the beginning of the Qurans foundation for living. The Quran is also a book of wisdom giving inspiration and guidance to the people of Muslim religion. As reported in the Sura 17 This Quran guides to that which is more right and better.It reassures the believers who do the good that their reward will be great (Topic index of the Quran, 1995-2001). It is filled with reminders of Gods mercy, blessing, warnings of what will occur to those who do not follow the righteous path, instructions for daily living and also includes stories of ancient civilizations and the lessons they learned (Hooker, 1996). This makes the Quran the bible or words of wisdom followed by all Muslims in the practice of their religion and lifestyles.

Forbidding Mourning’ by John Donne Essay

The principal theme of the verse is that lovers remain united even when they are physically separated. Donne proves his idea by argument, conceits, passion, and thought. It is believed that Donne left for France in 1611. He gave this poem to his wife at the time of his departure. The poet advises his wife non to mourn the temporary separation, because their love be intact despite their leave. Parting brings their souls even closer.The biographical details of the poet, however, are not essential to the appreciation of the poem. The poet has universalized a personal experience. The poem is a curious illustration of intellectualization of passion and has Donnes famous conceit of compass towards the end. The poem quietly begins with a metaphysical conceit. Virtuous people are not afraid of death. They visualize the life beyond death. So they pass away quietly. To the Elizabethans, separation is the death of the lovers. The poet believes and convinces his wife that separation strength ens love.Otherwise, separation is unimportant, even impossible. Even parting lovers dont part. And separation is the expansion of their love. The poet asks his beloved to part quietly with discover creating a scene So let us melt, and make no noise. The newsworthiness melt has many meanings. It implies separation, death, tenderness, etc. Let there be no floods of tears and no tempests of sighs, so characteristic of the Elizabethan lovers. It would be vulgarization of their love. Love is a mystery to the world, but not to the lovers. Let this mystery not be revealed to the world.Then the poet contrasts the physical love and ghostlike love. The ordinary lovers are earthly, but spiritual lovers are divine. An earthquake causes great damage. People calculate the damage and the threat. On the other hand, the movement of heavenly bodies, though much greater, is harmless. The poet wants that his wife should let him part quietly. The earthly lovers cannot separate from the beloved, becau se their love or lust is tied to the limbs of the lady. They cannot afford to be away from those lips, eyes, and hands.The love betwixt the poet and his beloved is spiritual and springs from mutual faith and understanding. It is mutual mental assurance. Theirs is the union of the minds and souls. The lovers unite into a single being, sharing a single soul. Their unity is not damaged by physical separation. The greater the distance, the stronger the soul. Separation is no breach, no break. Their love is precious like gold. It is expansive. Gold beaten thin covers an unexpectedly coarse area. So their love will not break because of separation, but becomes rare and refined Our two souls, therefore, which are one,Though I must go, endure not yet A breach, but an expansion, Like gold to airy thinness beat. The phrase airy thinness has divine associations. It suggests angels in the air and the angelic or divine love between the lovers. If the lovers do not share a common soul, Donne ar gues that their individual souls are joined together at the top, like the legs of a compass. Perhaps no other image is used so often to illustrate metaphysical poetry and metaphysical conceit. The beloved who stays at position is like the fixed foot, fixed at the centre. It is fixed.It does not seem to move, but it does when the other foot moves. It leans and follows the roving (moving) foot. The roving foot, i. e. the lover, having completed the circle, returns to the centre and is reunited with the fixed foot. Donne believes in the love that has faith and firmness of the beloved which helps the lover to complete his circle (or journey) accurately. Eventually, he returns home to his beloved. They are face to face with each other. She is the focus of his life, the stock and the end of his journey, and of all he wants Thy firmness draws my circle just,And makes me end, where I begun. Donnes use of conceit here and elsewhere is not ornamental but functional. It convinces, persuades , amplifies, and illustrates. Coleridge admires A Valediction Forbidding Mourning. The poem is quiet triumph of the marital romance. It shows a remarkable restraint using a simple poetic form. The poem is even more meaningful today when the marital understanding it celebrates is fast vanishing. A great poet like Donne can produce good poetry out of a geometry box. A Valediction Forbidding Mourning is passionate logic turned poetry.

Desperately Seeking Synergy and Competing on Capabilities Essay

I.) I didnt think that synergy was that much big of a deal until I read this article. I am ace of those who assume that synergy exists, can be achieved, and will be beneficial, I didnt really think about the downsides of synergy. When I read the article, it canvassms that it would be ameliorate if executives give more attention and evaluation to find real synergy opportunities. Its good that the writer included in his article about the quadruplet managerial biases because its true that all too often, the managers atomic number 18 the angiotensin converting enzymes being blamed for the failure of a synergy program, when the ones who really are to blame are the corporate executives themselves.These four biases will help corporate executives evaluate better the managers and themselves, be more aware of the situation, and be able to make more winning synergy programs. The process of sizing the prize is also a good addition to the article. Being more precise as to what needs to be through rather than generalizing all the goals tend to be more efficient and in(predicate). It clarifies the real costs and benefits of a synergy program, as the writer stated, sizing the prize is the showtimele and most important discipline in making sound decisions on synergy. Overarching goals should be disaggregated into discrete, well-defined benefits, and then each benefit should be subjected to hard-nosed financial analysis. Pinpointing the parenting opportunity will tidy up up the parenting bias. Corporate executives must know when and how to intervene in the management.The article conveniently stated the three relevant cases as to when intervention must take place to help the corporate executives. Then there is this bringing downsides to light which can clear up the synergy and meridian bias. I think that in every process which anyone may undertake, being more familiar with the consequences and downsides of that action can help the individual evaluate that action an d be more successful. All in all, corporate executives must take note of the disciplined approach the writers recommend, which is clarifying the real benefits to be gained, examining the potential for enate involvement, and taking into account the possible downsides of synergy programs.In relation to business policy and strategies, corporate executives with the help of the managers must be able to make clear and effective business policies and strategies which can be implemented for the betterment of synergy programs within the organization. Good policies will be able to guide them and their future employees in engaging in more successful synergies. I think this is related to accountancy because good interdepartmental communication and cooperation will help accountants do their byplay more precisely and conveniently. As a future professional, knowledge of this article will help me become a more effective leader by applying the three disciplined approaches he writers has stated and a more efficient team member who can synergize well with my co-workers.II.) The article uses the success of companies like Wal-Mart, Honda, and MedEquip to familiarise the readers with capabilities-based competition which is great because seeing a concrete example of the principle at work makes the article even more interesting, realistic and not strike up and boring. The focus of the article was on Wal-Mart and the secret of its success, which is the set of strategic business decisions that transformed the company into a capabilities-based competitor such as the warehousing proficiency of cross-docking. Included in the article are these basic principles of a capabilities-based competition which can help a traditional company change or spring its organization into a more capability-based competitor.First, is that the focus of their corporate strategy should not be on the products but on the business processes. Second, competitive success depends on transforming a companys key pr ocess into strategic capabilities that consistently provide superior value to the customer. Third, companies should create these capabilities by making strategic investments in a support infrastructure for these strategic capabilities. Fourth, is that the chief operating officer is the champion of a capabilities-based strategy. I think that this puts the pressure on the CEO because he will be the one responsible for the rush of his company and the decisions he make can shape the future of the company.To be able to be a good CEO, one must outperform the completion in responding quickly to customer demands and to incorporate new ideas into products, produce a product that unfailingly satisfies customers expectations, see the competitive environment clearly, adapt simultaneously to many different business environments, and generate new ideas and to combine existing elements to create new sources of value. It is obvious that the CEO has a very big responsibility. In summary, the articl e speaks about the new logic of growth today, being a capabilities predator, a company focusing and spend more on its capabilities to satisfy the customer.But a question comes to mind after reading this article, what is the future of capabilities-based competition? If some time ago, the traditional companies were successful and were replaced by the growth of capabilities-based companies, what will happen if most of the companies will become more capabilities-based? Will the growth of these companies be consistent? Or will there be a new kind of competitor that dominates the market in the future? One thing is for sure though, organizations are going to have to be very dynamic and adapt to the ever changing needs of the customers.This is related to business policy and strategy because to be an effective capabilities-based competitor, the company must start on its core processes and making an efficient business policy can help this process. The companys strategy will also determine th e direction of the company whether it wants to focus on its capabilities or its products. This article can be related to accounting because a good accounting system can be a part of an organizations relevant business process, they can focus on investing and improving their accounting system to better satisfy their customer. Lastly, as a future professional, this has kind of updated my point of view on what to focus on, because until I read this article, I always thought that a good product is bounteous for you to be successful but in fact, one should focus more nowadays to the business processes and compete on capabities.

Should Models Have a Minimum Weight? Essay

What The Size of Models Really PromotesModels over the past decades have become noticeably thinner and thinner creating an ongoing debate Are models becoming too thin? For a recent example, Bethaney Wallace, a teenage model, dies at the age of 19 from starving herself to death, all for the sole purpose of selling clothes. Model deaths are one of the many reasons that have caused the trend manufacture to discuss implementation of a minimum model load standard. This issue has been in debate for a long time now, and standards have n perpetually been enacted. Most people would do anything for a job they loved, including purging, starving, and excessive exercising. But when theres no line drawn, how does someone know when enough is enough? Not only is the root word of thin is beautiful hurting models, but it is also damaging the frail body images of most young girls. We unfortunately live in a origination where mould is promoting an unhealthy image for young women to aspire to, bu t with a set of standards this could create progress for a change. Because the majority of models in todays society are unreasonably thin, and because media images are a major factor in girls images of themselves, a weight standard should be set for models to promote develop body image for themselves and other girls.BACKGROUNDThe evolution of fashion models is vast if comparing the size of the models. Surprisingly, the fashion industry wasnt always obsessed with thermal intake and the size of models that stomped the catwalk. Addressing her fellow beauties on the matter of their ample cabooses, newly elected president of the Models Mutual Aid Society, Lucy happy Janishevski, admonished her sisters to reside down their baguettes and wage a war on calories to keep their figures svelte and their jobs secure. After all, the slender Brits and Americans were rapidly invading French fashion territory. In a news report issued by the North American Newspaper Alliance, published on this da y in 1957, Lucky recommended a reducing regimen of exercise, carrot juice, and a microscopic slice of dry toast (Lloyd). Lucky was one of the first woman to suggest an unhealthy guideline for models to follow in France. Lucky and a former American model, DorianLeigh, established the first successful example agency in Paris, importing trimmer models from Sweden, Italy, England and America.By the late 60s, the modeling world had shed its Bardot hips in favor of slim, boyish bods, with models Jean Shrimpton and Twiggy leading the way (Lloyd). Twiggy, a high fashion model of the 60s, conjugated the fashion industry at 16 and is commonly blamed for the revolution of stick-thin models. Even though skinny became all the rage, not every designer cherished stick figures. Avant-gardist Andr Courrges preferred curvy girls to show off his () designs. He did not care about their measurements or their weight, according to a 1967 Vogue interview. When the interviewer inquired whether he had ev er asked a model to lose weight, he said he often asked them to gain weight.The always-prescient Courrges paved the way for more voluptuous models, with supermodels Christie Brinkley, Cindy Crawford and Brooke Shields emerging onto the scene in the 70s and 80s. (Lloyd) The era of fit, curvy models remained strong into the 90s with supermodels like Claudia Schiffer, Linda Evangelista, Naomi Campbell and Christy Turlington storming the runways and covering the pages of Vogue, Elle and Harpers Bazaar. Lloyd claims, it was only when Kate Moss ushered in a new wave of waifishness as the poster child for heroin chic that curves formerly again fell out of fashion. Idolizing models like Brazilian beauty Gisele Bundchen, a Victorias inexplicable model with remarkable voluptuous curves, became a short-lived fad, replaced by girls with no hips. In the mid-2000s, Gemma Ward, the youngest model ever to grace the cover of Vogue, ushered in the era of purposeless models. Draping fabrics and bil lowy silhouettes hung on these skeletal girls as though on showroom racks.Like a dysfunctional family secret, the fashion world refused to recognize that the industry warning was abetting anorexia. In 2006, it took the deaths of Luisel Ramos, a 22-year-old Uruguayan model who subsisted on lettuce leaves and Diet Coke, and Brazilian model Ana Carolina Reston, for the industry to take notice (Lloyd). Quickly following their deaths, Milan set a minimum weight requirement, Madrid established a minimum BMI, and the Council of Fashion Designers of America issued guidelines to help designers recognize eating disorders and weight issues of their models. These requirements and guidelines are a hopeful step in the right direction () to real change. But it is worth noting that the guidelines only apply directly to runway models, leaving magazine shoots,advertisements and other fashion media untouched. Can the fight for healthier models be won if only fought on one front? (Krupnick).The Weight Standard Would Be Beneficial For Models HealthMost runway models meet the body mass index criteria for anorexia, according to an editorial pictorial in the January issue of PLUS model magazine. 20 years ago, the average fashion model weighed 8 percent less than the average woman. Today, she weighs 23 percent less, it said. When asked for its source, the magazine cited the website of Rader Programs, which treats those with eating disorders. Keeping up with the profound world of the fashion industry is a difficult task. Most models feel as if the only way to compete and keep their spot in the industry is to stay below a certain weight or maintain a particular look. Some models dont even recognize that once they are below the healthy Body Mass Index for their age group, it is extremely harmful to their health.Doctors imagine adult women that are underweight (BMI less than 18.5) whitethorn be malnourished and develop digestive system issues, certain types of cancer, depression, type 2 diabetes, etc. (Body Mass Index). For a model, looks seem to be everything, creating many issues concerning models and their way of losing weight. A huge majority of models develop eating disorders such as anorexia, bulimia, and binging disorders that can truly harm them. These dramatic ways of losing weight can have serious consequences, even as severe as death. By creating a weight standard, it would give models more room to be a bigger size and therefore be accepted because of it. It would also help in stopping the uncontrollable amount of eating disorders models have in the fashion industry.Many feel that a minimum model weight is discrimination against those who are naturally thin and not taking drastic measures to make themselves that way. Others say it is a profession that get hold ofs high risk to your health, which is the models life choice to make and not the clients. Supporters also face the predicament of how to watch over what the weight standard should be, since e veryone has a different combination of body chemistry and height. It is true that models that are naturally thin could feel attacked when weight standards are enacted, but it is more important to ensure safety of models health and improve the physical standard in which young womenlook up to. It is also true that it is the finish of the model to risk their health, but if standards were established then models could feel accepted even at a heavier weight. Since everyone has a different body chemistry and height, standards would involve BMI (Body Mass Index), a system that measures both weight and height to determine how underweight or overweight ones body is. The Health Of The viewers

Enterprise Resource Planning Essay

Enterprise Resource Planning is a term that describes a organisation of business concern management in which all facets of a business argon integrated. These include sales, manufacturing, planning and marketing . EPR is about integrating all these different aspects of business in one bundle. Software develops of ERP software include the Carter Group (who originally came up with the term), Peoplesoft, Oracle and SAP. There nurture been several attempts of ERP implementation that have been unsuccessful. Most of these failures happened in 1999, in an attempt to manage Y2K issues.This suggests that companies at the time may have been compelled to implement ERP due to pressing needs. The success of come withs that adopted ERP afterward shows that these late adopters have benefited from mistakes made by other companies. Current research indicates virtually recent implementations to be successful unsuccessful person of ERP confounds occurs at varying degrees. When a project is not fully utilized it can be considered to have failed. Forrester Research in April 2001 reported that about 6 percent of 500 companies that they had surveyed prime their ERP systems to be work effectively.Another 79 percent found their ERP systems to be ineffective or somewhat effective. The complexity of implementing ERP projects has been cited as a common and study for ERP implementation failure. The bear on requires commitment from all divisions of the caller-up to be successful. It consumes a lot of time and is difficult as well(p) as expensive to implement. The irritated integration characteristic of the project means that without commitment from all workers and a change in the way of doing business means that it cannot work.ERP projects have been kn make to hail upwards of $500 gazillion for very large companies and to take years to be fully complete. This happens without a guarantee of the eventual outcome Hershey Foods SAPAGs R/3 implementation illustrates this point be st. The lodge incurred expenses of about $113 million and took thirty months on their ERP project. Upon completion in July 1999 the caller had large problems of ensuring orders were pushed by means of the system. The topic of this was delays in shipping and loss of clients due to orders that were incomplete.Some of the reasons given for this failure include the haste in which it was done. The ERP project if it had gone according to document would have taken 4 years or else than the niggling 30 months it took. Additionally, the company was at the same time implementing two other packages a logistics and customer relations package. This only made things more complex and harder for employees to learn. The time at which Hershey Food went live with the ERP project happened to be the busiest time of their year, Halloween.Consequently the delays that resulted cost the company dearly haping to a $ 151 million fall in profits compared to the year before Most managers try to work arou nd the complexities of the process rather than take the time, money and effort to go through the complex configuring process to ensure the ERP system fits with a companys specificities. Using process templates is a short cut to make implementation faster and leads to ecumenicization. This in the end has an effect of limiting slaying and lowering competitive advantage.Speeding up the process often means that critical scrutiny and adequate preparation of the users result be compromised. Inadequate training and education of employees is a common problem because training needs are almost always, underestimated. The crucial nature of ERP training cannot be overemphasized. Employees have to learn new software interfaces and processes in the business end. All this arrogate the whole project and the company. Outside consultant issues are other feature of most ERP failures.Sometimes the consultants hired may be in experienced or overstaffed leading to an increase in operating costs fo r the ERP project. Where more than one consultancy firm is used contravention almost always ensues. A forestry products manufacturer base in Atlanta used four consultancy firms at various stages of implementing its SAP project. The CIO reported that the consultants were in constant conflict over the best approach to the project. govern of the project seemed to be the main issue rather than forming a partnership with the manufacturer for the projects success.The company finally shelved the project. FoxMeyer, a $5 million drug company contracted two vendors for its SAP R/3 project. The warehouse automation was bought from Pinnacle while Anderson had the job of integrating and implementing the Delta III project and the SAPR/3. The ERP project drove FoxMeyer Drugs to bankruptcy. Though on that point were other reasons for their failure but the use of two consultancy firms contributed a lot to an already complex situation. Incompetence of consultants in implementing the ERP project i s common. Peoplesoft and Deloitte & Touche were sued by W.L. Gore following ERP failure after the system they had installed went live and resulted in many problems. Gore alleged that Deloitte & Touche were unqualified since when the system went live, the company had to depend on the customer service hotline following system problems. The company had to find other consultants to correct the damage caused causing hundreds of thousands of dollars in losses. Deloitte & Touche paid referral fees to Peoplesoft, this lead Peoplesoft to recommend them despite the fact they had no expertise for implementation of the software.FoxMeyer had a similar problem with the CLO reporting that the company was more like training set up for unpracticed consultants. When software is over customized, a problem is usually created. McFarlane of Western management consultants claims that modification of software results in trouble. He suggests modifying business processes instead. When software is special , upgrading and testing become a problem increasing the chances of failure of the subject. Many businesses find it easier to purchase software rather than identify weaknesses in business process and meliorate them.It is best for the business process to fit the software and where there is absence of fit or appropriateness, the business process should be modified. The commander of Military Sealift ascendency decided to reduce risk of ERP implementation by finding a package that closely mirrored the business practices of MSC so as to keep down software modification. In only about 11 areas did the software fail to match and even then, the commander changed the MSC processes so that they would fit the Oracle ERP software they were using. Application of technology as a solution to problems of business processes is other reason for failure of ERP.Many ERP initiatives are system driven these have a higher probability of failure compared to those that are business driven. Most companies consider ERP implementation as a ability by itself that could serve as a fix to a problem. This should not be the case since technology is a vehicle by which competency can be obtained rather than a competency by itself. This was FoxMeyers mistake. By adopting ERP early the company took up software that was designed for manufacturing companies rather than distribution companies.With this major underlying problem there is no way the ERP project could have been a success. The software could not handle processing demands leading to FoxMeyers bankruptcy. Corporate culture also has great model as far as the failure of ERP implementation is concerned. When top management is not seen to be backing up the project it is not very well recognized. In addition most ERP projects are rejected by employees who fear that their jobs will be lost. Failure to realize the benefits of the projects leads to a resistance to change.Management has a role in this because if they were to communicate effecti vely to the employees, there would be increased ownership of the project. To foster buy-in and ownership, employee involvement should be as high as executable otherwise employees will back out or refuse to be cooperative leading to failure of the project. FoxMeyer had such a problem, most employees felt that their jobs were be by the ERP project and some of them even trashed the interfaces set up while others simply did not participate in training leading to delays in orders and general mismanagement of the whole distribution process.The aforementioned forestry manufacturing produces did not put into consideration the effect of ERP implementation on its Vice Presidents. The Vice presidents of the 12 divisions in the company would have lost their autonomy to a more centralized and integrated system. When the VPs realized the effect of the companys long-term strategies they balked leading to scraping cancelled of the subject. Testing of the ERP project requires time and effort. Whe never a red flag is raised, the system should be checked. Miscalculation of how much time and effort will be need leads to failure of the project.It is better to exceed the timeline rather than compress the time required for completion of the project and end up with system that is flawed. Sticking to a memorial despite the problems that have been identified will cause problems later. This is evident from the troubles experienced by Whirlpool following its SAP system implementation. The company went live in spite of the fact that problems had been identified in the testing phase. The decision not to change their schedule led to shipping delays with appliances in warehouses for upwards of six-weeks past their correct delivery time.Meritor experienced a similar problem. Believing they had adequate training, they began to roll out the ERP system in phases beginning with a manufacturing plant in Wales. It took another 30 days with more staff to ensure that manufacturing would not be de layed. To prevent a problem like that from occurring in the future, the Vice President added another two weeks to ERP deployment timeline. Though this requires extra time and consequently more expenses an attitude more like this is necessary for the ERP rollout to be a success.The mainframe at Cleveland assert University could not handle the application by Peoplesoft necessitating a change to a Unix System. The problems created by this failure of infrastructure lasted for a year following the first rollout of the ERP project. Bio rad Laboratories had a problem along the same line. The implementation of their ERP system led to WAN becoming very slow as a result of conflict between ERP and email traffic. Email alone was using up the greater percentage of the bandwidth available between locations.This had the effect of important data in the ERP system distribution and financial modules being left to languish at some sites. This caused stalling of orders and slowed product shipment. F rom the two examples cited above it is evident ERP failure can result from poor infrastructure. Infrastructure appraisal is therefore necessary to ensure that it can support implementation of an ERP system. If this is done early the infrastructure can be modified early to suit the desired ERP system. This will lead to reduction in costs due to problems or failure of initial rollout of the ERP system.The intellectual capital of the company as far as the ERP system is a significant factor that contributes to failure of ERP systems. Often when the project is complete and within months after the exodus of the consultants most companies are left in trouble. This is because most companies do not have their own person(s) who are capable of dealing with problems in the ERP system. This was the case in FoxMeyer where upon the outlet of the consultant firm staff, the company was left without people who could manage the ERP system effectively.This brain drain effect happened to a semiconducto r manufacturer in atomic number 14 Valley. The manufacturer lost about 70-80 percent of the projects core-team in about three months following go live after most members of the core-project team had left. This loss meant that there was no one familiar with the project to address issues concerning the system that came up. User expectations may also cause ERP systems to fail when users expect that the return on investing will be unrealistically high.Usually, the costs of planning, consultation, training and testing as well as data conversion, replacement staffing, documentation and the drop in accomplishment performance are all factors that will reduce the benefits anticipated from an ERP system. Other expectations like expecting a really short time of implementation of the system will lead to failure. For instance if a company is late in finding a consultancy firm, and still unwilling to change its go live check the company risks failure as the consultancy that agree to work with the company will do so in a short time ending up with a less than perfect system.The consulting company may fail to meet user expectations leading to shelving of the project. Sometimes when there are executives from other organization who have recently joined the company, they may be tempted to impose ideas from a previous organization that has already implemented ERP systems. This creates a problem because each organization has its own unique processes and often what is applicable for the ERP system of one company is not wholly transferable to another company.User expectations should be as realistic as possible and reflect an understanding of the business processes and the vision of the company. To subjugate poor management of using expectations it is necessary to provide the clear expectations of what can be achieved. Failure to understand and prioritize user expectations will lead to problems and the best way to solve this is to ensure documentation of these expectations as well as validating deliverables of the projects to the expectations of the users. A desire to cut costs also contributes to a lot of ERP failure.The major problem with this is it creates more problems which result in more time and mistakes that have to be corrected making the date of completion further and the costs higher. Ill-advised cost cutting which attempts to avoid conversion costs, for example going live at a multi-plant simultaneously may lead to failure. This may cause all plants to shutdown if a false start-up occurs. Trying to make the schedule as short as possible so as to save expenses leads to overrunning both the schedule and budget.Return on Investments should be a last consideration when the companys information system is being upgraded. An attitude like this will help in avoidance of cost cutting as far as ERP projects are concerned. This will ensure success of the organizations ERP implementation. Inexperienced project managers may cause ERP implementation to fail. W hen the core-team project members has no one from the companys IT team or other members of the user community it becomes difficult to continually monitor the progress of the project.A southeastern electronics manufacturer due to poor management by inexperienced personnel almost closed a plant because they were unable to accept deliveries. To ensure the success of ERP projects, it is important to first redefine the measure of success. Success is presently measured by whether a project is finished on time within the budget. The ability for the system to be fully utilized is not considered. Measures for performance ought to be developed and undergo standardization so that companies have a better and clearer understanding of benefits of ERP implementation as well as the basic rules to avoid failure.

Equality And Inclusion In Health And Social Care Essay

offspring 1.1Explain what is meant by multifariousness Understanding that every individual is different, and being able to recognise and individuals unique differences, whether it be age, race, gender etc. Equality Every person being treated equally and fairly regardless of cultural backgrounds, sexuality, beliefs. inclusion Being included without being check or restricted, and irrespective of differences such as disabilities embracing individuals to occupy them feel included.Outcome 1.2Describe ways in which inequality may deliberately or inadvertently occur in the work setting A person being treated differently or unfairly because they are from a different race or from a different culture. Discrimination inadvertently can happen when a certain group of people feel restricted or limited from something like a general rule that applies to all only being written in English, excluding members from otherwise cultural backgrounds and creating a barrier.Outcome 1.3Explain how p ractices that support equality and inclusion reduce the likelihood of distinction Treating another person as you equal, engaging and including them will have a positive effect and so reduce the likelihood of discrimination.Read more What is meant by inclusion in health and social disquietessayOutcome 2.1Identify which legislation and codes of practice relating to equality, diversity and discrimination apply to own eccentricEquality ActGSCC The General Care CouncilHuman Rights ActOutcome 2.3Describe how to challenge discrimination in a way that encourages change Being positive towards co workers and service users, promoting positive doings will make other people feel positive and hopefully change their opinions and actions in the future.Outcome 3.1Identify a range of sources of information, advice and support about diversityLibraryInternetColleaguesPolicies and proceduresWork base trainingOutcome 3.2Describe how and when to gravel information, advice and support about diversi ty, equality and inclusion You can access this information by asking your line manager and also in the policy and procedures, if you feel soul is being treated unfairly the information should be dealt with as soon as possible

Futile dreams in Of mice and men Essay

How far do you judge Steinbeck presents stargazes as vain in of mice and men?Steinbeck presents a lot of ambitiousnesss as futile in his new(a) of Mice and Men. All the characters day-dreams are several(predicate) in their ingest personal way but only of their dreams total to be in a different place to where they are at now. They any yearn for something unwrap in their lives. The underlying theme of futile dreams in this raw is expressed throughout Steinbecks novel throughout many characters.The main dream in the novel of mice and men is that of George and Lennie living of the fatta the lan getting their avouch place, being self-sufficient and non hurl to work on the ranch. The two of them are best friends and how different they may seem in the novel they both share this common goalSome solar day were gonna get the shucks together and were gonna have a trivial house and a couple of acres an a cow and some pigs andThis shows they have thought about what they lack in every little detail and truly believe it leave behind evanesce.Their ambition, as they put it, is to Get the jack together, purchase a few acres of land and call it their own. They deprivation to be in their own little place where they are not scrutinised by society to be away for others in the freehanded wide world where it seems Lennie is not supposed to be.George and Lennie are not unique in penurying this dream but unique in the fact that they have each other and can rest on each other through their dream. They want to be in a place with no rules or regulations. This dream is so appealing that Candy and Crooks want to sexual union the dream of owning their own farm. This is because George and Lennie are block to reaching their dream so Candy and Crooks can actually be part of it for once instead of dreaming it they can create it. This dream of George and Lennie also appeals to them as they can refer to the same things that they want for themselves but have never had t he chance to go ahead with or the chance to achieve that goal. However, perhaps this dream only appeals to them because they see it as something that can be reached and will not hold on a dream. They want to be able to live out this dream even if it is someone elses. In divide three, a section of narration shows how much they all want this dreamThey all sat still, all bemused by the beauty of the thing each mind was popped into the future when this lovely thing should start out about.This quote shows that they all want this dream so much and really believe it will happen as it is no longer a dream as it says when it will come about and not if.Steinbeck presents this dream of Lennie and George as being futile by speaking through Crooks when he says that hesseen hundreds of men come by road an on the ranches,with bindles on their backs an that same damn thing in their heads. Hundreds of them. They come, an they quit an go on every damn one of ems got a little piece of land in his head. An never a god damn one of the get it. besides like Heaven,by this quote I feel that Crooks has best summed up this dream as futile as he shows he has wised up to the dream and is starting to have second thoughts of joining them in the dream. He is brought back to the present when he figures that Lennie and George are just like the rest of the men that come on the ranch with a little piece of land in his head and that their goal is never achieved. He is treating Lennie and George like their stereotype.Candy and Crooks want to join in this dream for different reasons Crooks does not want to be an outcast anymore and wants to feel accepted in some way, Candy wants to join to have something to take his mind of his dog (his only companion) being killed. Although these are the main reasons Crooks and Candy want to join in these dreams they both come down to one thing. They dont want to be alone. unlike Lennie, Curleys wife wants to experience the world for herself and has already had the opportunity of be plan of attack the next up and coming movie star where she coulda been in the pitchers snatched away from herHe says he was gonna put me in the movies. Says I was a natural. Soon he got back to Hollywood he was gonna write to me about it.Se is a virtual(prenominal) prisoner in her own home with which she has no power to change her fate. Curleys wife will never live out this dream as she has dedicated the rest if her life to her husband who is unbeknownst(predicate) to her capabilities. She once had a dream but when she married her entire life changed, and not for the better. Curleys wife has resigned herself to an unfulfilling marriage.What makes all of these dreams typically futile is that the dreamers wish for unbreakable happiness, for the freedom to follow their own desires. George and Lennies dream of owning a farm, which would enable them to look after themselves, and, most important, offer them protection from an unwelcoming world, represents a pro totypically ideal life. Their journey, which shows George the impossibleness of the dream, haplessly proves that the bitter Crooks was right such freedom, contentment, and safety are not to be found.By cleanup spot Lennie, George gets rid of a huge burden and a threat to his own life. He is forced to put on both his companion, who made him different from the other lonely workers, as well as his own dream and admit that it has gone hopelessly wrong. He has the new burden of hopelessness and loneliness. Slims alleviate at the end of the novelYou hadda Georgeindicates the sad truth that one has to surrender ones dreams in order to survive, not the easiest thing to do but something that one has no choice but to do in circumstances.Curleys wife has already had her dream of being an actress pass her by and now mustiness live a life of no hope. Crooks situation hints at a much deeper one than that of the purity person in a place where smuggled people are discriminated. Through Crook s, Steinbeck exposes the bitterness, the anger, and the helplessness of the black man who struggles to be recognized as a human being, let alone have a place of his own. Crooks hopelessness underlies that of Georges and Lennies and Candys and Curleys wifes. But all share the despair of wanting to change the way they live and attain something better to have a dream. Even Slim, despite his wisdom and confidence towards this unattainable dream, has nothing to call his own and will remain a migrant worker until his death. Slim differs from the others in the fact that he does not seem to want something outside of what he has, he is not beaten by a dream, and he has not relied on a dream to fulfill his life and is thankful for what he has. Slim seems to have somehow reached the sad conclusion indicated by the novel that to dream leads to, despair and ineffective, Futile dreams that lead to nothing but disappointment. This keep back makes you decide, should I be realistic or should I try and make my dreams come true?

Proposal for Quality of Work Life Essay

INTRODUCTIONHuman resources play a truly significant character reference in success of an judicature and thus, precaution of human resource assumes importance. Many aspects affect the management of human resources. One such(prenominal) aspect is smell of Work Life (QWL). It is a philosophy, a inst completely of principles, which holds that people atomic number 18 the most important resource in the organization as they argon trus devilrthy, creditworthy and capable of making valuable contribution and they should be treated with dignity and respect . The elements that atomic number 18 applicable to an idiosyncratics feeling of break down life include the task, the somatogenetic contribute environs, affable environment within the organization, Administrative system and relationship among life on and off the labor. QWL consists of Opportunities for active thing in group on the job(p) arrangements or task solving that are of mutual benefit to employees or employers, based on labor management cooperation.People in any contingency conceive of QWL as a trammel of methods, such as autonomous work groups, job enrichment, and high involvement aimed at boosting the satisf execute and productivity of workers. It requires employee commitment to the organization and an environment in which this commitment can flourish. thusly, QWL is a comprehensive construct that includes an psyches job related wellbeing and the extent to which work experiences are rewarding, fulfilling and devoid of accent and some different(a) negative own(prenominal) consequences. correspond to Gadon (1984), QWL programs have two objectives (a) to enhance productivity and (b) to increase the satisfaction of employees. Thus QWL provides healthier, satisfied and productive employees, which in give provides efficient and profitable organization. Quality of work life (QWL) is viewed as an alternative to the control speak to of managing people. The QWL approach considers peop le as an asset to the organization rather than as costs. It believes that people per salmagundi better when they are allowed to participate in managing their work and make decisions.This approach motivates people by satisfying not only their economic need but also their social and psychological ones. To satisfy the new generation workforce, organizations need to Concentrate on job designs and organizationof work. Further, directlys workforce is realizing the Importance of relationships and is trying to strike a balance between career and personal lives. Successful organizations support and provide facilities to their people to help them to balance the scales. In this butt on, organizations are coming up with new and innovative ideas to improve the feeling of work and quality of work life of all individual in the organization.Various programs like flex time, alternative work historys, compressed work weeks, telecommuting etc., are being adopted by these organizations. Technolog ical advances further help organizations to implement these programs successfully. Organizations are enjoying the fruits of implementing QWL programs in the form of increased productivity, and an efficient, satisfied, and committed workforce which aims to achieve organizational objectives. The future work world will also have more women entrepreneurs and they will encourage and adopt QWL programs.Whilst at that place has, for many years, been much research into job satisfaction (1), and, more recently, an interest has arisen into the broader concepts of stress and subjective wellbeing (2), the precise nature of the relationship between these concepts has still been little explored. Stress at work is often considered in isolation, wherein it is assessed on the basis that assistance to an individuals stress management skills or the sources of stress will prove to provide a good enough basis for effective intervention. Alternatively, job satisfaction may be assessed, so that action can be consumen which will enhance an individuals performance.Somewhere in all this, there is often an awareness of the greater context, whereupon the home-work context is considered, for example, and other factors, such as an individuals personal characteristics, and the broader economic or cultural climate, might be seen as relevant. In this context, subjective well-being is seen as drawing upon both work and non-work aspects of life. However, more complex models of an individuals experience in the workplace often appear to be set aside in an Endeavour to simplify the process of trying to measuring stress or some similarly apparently discrete entity. It may be, however, that the amity of the bigger, more complex depression is essential, if targeted, effective action is to be taken to address quality of working life or any of its sub-components in such a way as to developreal benefits, be they for the individual or the organization.Whilst Quality of Life has been more widely st udied (4), Quality of working life, remains relatively unexplored and unexplained. A review of the literature reveals relatively little on quality of working life. Where quality of working life has been explored, writers differ in their views on its core constituents.It is argued that the whole is greater than the sum of the parts as regards Quality of working Life, and, therefore, the failure to attend to the bigger picture may lead to the failure of interventions which tackle only one aspect. A clearer understanding of the inter-relationship of the various facets of quality of working life offers the opportunity for improved analysis of cause and effect in the workplace.This condition of Quality of working Life as the greater context for various factors in the workplace, such as job satisfaction and stress, may offer opportunity for more cost-effective interventions in the workplace. The effective targeting of stress reduction, for example, may otherwise prove a hopeless task fo r employers pressured to take action to meet governmental requirements.OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDYGENERAL OBJECTIVES* To learn the level of satisfaction of employees towards the quality of work life. * To study the importance given by the organization to quality of work life * To study suitable measures to improve the quality of work life. * To identify the major areas of dissatisfaction if any, and provide valuable suggestions Improving the employees satisfaction in those areas. * To study the role and importance of good quality of work life of employees in an organizationSPECIFIC OBJECTIVES* To study the dumbfound and overall quality of work life in theorganization. * To understand the relationship between QWL and employee satisfaction. * To study quality of work life contributed for employees personal and professional developmentSTATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMThe major factor which has influenced the change magnitude importance of provision of quality of work life is employees themselve s. Workers are changing. They have become more ameliorate and independent. Close attention to QWL provides a more humanized work environment. Hence it is very essential that every organization ensure that their employees have a positive quality of work life. Quality of Work Life in an organization is essential for the smooth running and success of its employees. The quality of work life must be maintained efficaciously to ensure that all employees are running at their peak potential and let loose from stress and strain.The Quality of Work Life can affect such things as employees timings, his or her work output, his or her available leaves, etc. Quality of Work Life helps the employees to feel secure and like they are being thought of and cared for by the organization in which they work. An organizations HR department assumes obligation for the effective running of the Quality of Work Life for their employees. This being the real fact and since there was absenteeism and drop of job satisfaction among the workers in an organization, the researcher has made an attempt in this regard and has undertaken the current study to analyze the Quality of Work Life in this organization and to offer suitable suggestions for the organization to take necessary steps to improve the Quality of Work Life among its Workers.NEED OF THE STUDYThere is a much about the quality every aspect viz. quality product, quality of material and inp uts there in, quality of packing, quality of product development and quality of service. The quality of work life and quality of life, which is polar aspects in everyones work life. This also brings employee satisfaction You can obtain mans physical presence at a given place, and a measured number of skilled muscular motions per time of day or day. But the enthusiasm, initiative, joy, loyalty, you cant obtain by devotionof hearts, mind and souls. Apart from this if the employee is provided with other extrinsic and intrinsic benefits then this w ill lead for high productivity and results in employee satisfaction too.To bring out the hard practices in to the organization it is the important to have encouraging atmosphere. QWL is one of the most important factors, which leads to such favorable atmosphere. It produces more humanized jobs. It attempts to serve the higher order needs of employees are human resources that are to be developed rather than simply used QWL leads to an atmosphere that encourages than to improve their skill. It also leads to have good interpersonal relations and highly motivated employees who strive for their development. QWL will ensure enthusiasm work environment with opportunities for every one to give is best. Such job will provide job satisfaction and pride to the company.DEFINITIONS abstract DEFINITION* According to R.E.WALTON(1973) Quality of work life is a process by which an organization responds to the employees needs for developing mechanisms to allow them to share fully in making the decis ions the design their lives at work * According to THOMAS S. BATEMAN AND SCOTTA.SNELL(2003) Quality of work life refers to programmes designed to create a workplace that enhances employee well-being available DEFINITION* Quality of work life defined as the level of employees satisfaction or dissatisfaction on Working conditions at the work place* Quality of work life can be define as The quality of relationship between employees and the total working environmentRESEARCH externaliseDescriptive research design This is used to describe systematically the facts andCharacteristics of a given population or area of interest, factually and accuratelyOne of the main benefits of descriptive research is that fact that it uses both decimalAnd qualitative data in order to find the solution to whatever is being studied.This in turn can help to describe and give an answer to certain life experiences.For example, when carrying out a case study descriptive research allows various sources to beCon sidered such as personal accounts. With this in mind, it enables a wider view of an issueAs opposed to strict numbers and figures which can only account on facts rather thanExperiences.UNIVERSEFor the purpose of this study the employees may belong to any manufacturing company in Chennai. warning SIZEIn this study the sample size is 50SAMPLING METHODNon Probability try Non Probability sample distribution refers to methods of selecting individuals to include in a study where some elements of the population have no chance of selection, or where the probability of selection cant be accurately determined. Non Probability sampling methods include accidental sampling, quota sampling and purposive sampling.SAMPLING TECHNIQUEPURPOSIVE SAMPLING.Purposive sampling starts with a purpose in mind and the sample is thus selected to include people of interest and exclude those who do not suit the purpose. This method is popular with newspapers and magazines which want to make a particular point. T his is also uncoiled for marketing researchers who are seeking support for their product. They typically start with people in the street, first of all overture only likely suspects and then starting with questions that reject people who do not suit. The universe is very large and the sample size is relatively small (50). The samples to be takenPurposively from manufacturing sector. Purposive sampling technique facilitates data collection on the basis of availability of the samples and convenience of the researcher.METHODS OF DATA COLLECTIONEssentially two typesPRIMARY DATA AND SECONDARY DATAPrimary data are those which are collected for the first time and are original in character. Data which are originally collected by the investigators are called primary data while the secondary data are collected through some other sources. For example, information collected by an investigator from a. student regarding his class, caste, family background, etc., is called primary data. On the other hand, if the same information collected about the student from the school record and register, then it is called secondary data.TOOLS OF DATA COLLECTIONThe motherfucker to be used to collect data here is the interview schedule.INTERVIEW SCHEDULEAn interview schedule is a list of questions to ask the interviewee. It should start with more open questions. An interview schedule is prepared to effectively find out useful and accurate information.CONCLUSIONThis research proposal serves a small sketch about the future project on the topic Quality of work life. This is the current emerging problem that most of the sectors Are working towards to improve it.